The Ramsey number of a graph G is the least number t for which it is true that whenever the edges of the complete graph on t vertices are colored in an arbitrary fashion using two colors, say red and blue, then it is always the case that either the red subgraph contains G or the blue subgraph contains G. A conjecture of P. Erdos and S. Burr is settled in the afftrmative by proving that for each...

The Ramsey number r(H, G) is defined as the minimum N such that for any coloring of the edges of the N-vertex complete graph KN in red and blue, it must contain either a ted H or a blue G. In this paper we show that for any graph G without isolated vertices, r(K,, G)< 2qf 1 where G has q edges. In other words, any graph on 2q+ 1 vertices with independence number at most 2 contains every (isolat...

CONTEXT Prussian blue, ferric hexacyanoferrate is approved for (oral) treatment of internal contamination with radioisotopes of cesium or thallium. Cyanide makes up 35-40% of Prussian blue's molecular composition; thus, cyanide may be released during transit through the digestive tract under physiological pH conditions. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term stability...

Flowers act as "sensory billboards" with multiple signals (color, morphology, odor) attracting and manipulating potential pollinators. Many use changing signals as indicators that visitation and/or pollination have occurred). Floral color change is commonly used to transmit this information (often correlated with reduced nectar reward) and can be specifically triggered by pollination or visitat...

The natural food color gardenia red is manufactured through the hydrolysis of the methyl ester of iridoid glucoside. Gardenia blue is also made from iridoid glucoside. Therefore, there is a possibility that the commercial products contain methanol. To determine methanol in gardenia red and gardenia blue, a headspace GC method with standard addition was developed. In the case of gardenia blue wi...

For fixed finite graphs $G$, $H$, a common problem in Ramsey theory is to study $F$ such that $F \to (G,H)$, i.e. every red-blue coloring of the edges produces either red $G$ or blue $H$. We generalize this infinite $H$; particular, we want determine if there minimal $F$. This has strong connections self-embeddable graphs: which properly contain copy themselves. prove some compactness results r...

northwest of shir-kuh batholith, a number of leucocratic granitic and granodioritic plutons have intruded sedimentary hosts including shale-sandstone (triassic-jurassic) and sandstone-conglomerate (lower cretaceous). contact metamorphism and hydrothermal alterations are widespread. late alteration assemblage mainly occurs in arkosic sandstones of sangestan formation and includes propylitic, qua...

Blue native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) is used extensively for characterization of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and uses the binding of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 to visualize proteins. Oxidative modification of sulfhydryl groups of such proteins can be evaluated by labeling with iodoacetamide conjugated to biotin (BIAM) and detected with streptavidin peroxidase on Western blots f...

Hydrogen is one of the types energy discovered in recent decades, which based on electrolysis water order to separate hydrogen from oxygen. These include grey hydrogen, black blue yellow turquoise and green hydrogen. Generally, can be extracted a variety sources, including fossil fuels biomass, water, or combination two. Green has potential critical enabler global transition sustainable zero-em...

Vital staining of the endothelial graft is essential during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) to ensure surgical success. DMEK surgeons worldwide commonly use trypan blue (TB) to this end. However, TB may exert toxic effects on both the cornea and retina. Recently, Brilliant Blue G (BBG) has become recognized as an alternative stain for use during vitreoretinal surgery; BBG is...