Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is a common cause of chronic liver disease but is rarely diagnosed at the stage of acute hepatitis C. HCV becomes chronic in about 85% of individuals and leads to cirrhosis in 5 to 30 percent of cases [1]. The chronic course of acute infection should be avoided to prevent the potential risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepa...

The precise role of adaptive immune responses in the clinical outcome of HCV infection is still only partially defined. Recent studies suggest that viral-host cell interactions during the acute phase of infection are essential for viral clearance or progression into chronic HCV infection. This review focuses on different aspects of the adaptive immune responses as determinants of the different ...

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection is associated with diabetes and favourable lipids. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of this paradox on atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic response to HCV clearance. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Egypt. PARTICIPANTS 329 chronically infected, 173 with cleared infection and 795 never infected participants aged >or=35 attended for baselin...

Four virological markers of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are used clinically for management of patients with hepatitis C, namely the HCV genotype, HCV RNA, HCV core antigen, and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). The diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis C is based on both anti-HCV detection using enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and HCV RNA detection using a sensitive molecular biology-based techniq...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a highly mutable RNA virus with a high propensity for chronic infection, affecting over 3% of the world's population. Persistent infection is associated with chronic hepatitis that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma over many years of infection. While cellular immune response plays a key role in viral infection, HCV persistence is associated with a...

The majority of people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) fail to generate or maintain a T-cell response effective for viral clearance. Evidence from murine chronic viral infections shows that expression of the coinhibitory molecule PD-1 predicts CD8+ antiviral T-cell exhaustion and may contribute to inadequate pathogen control. To investigate whether human CD8+ T cells express PD-1 and demo...

BACKGROUND Treatment of psoriasis in the setting of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is difficult, because standard therapies like methotrexate are associated with increased hepatic toxicity. Due to the HCV suppressive effect. Cyclosporine may represent a valid systemic alternative for psoriatic-HCV patients. OBJECTIVES In this study, we report the successful usage of intermittent cy...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) a member of the Flaviviridae family, was first identified in 1979, as a blood borne infection which can infect the liver decades before symptoms appear. It is estimated that 3% of the world population are chronically infected with HCV but most of them have no knowledge about the infection and its hepatic consequences.1 HCV infection can cause chronic hepatitis which can ...

Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the world, ranging from 6% to 28% with an average of approximately 13.8% in the general population. It has been reported that human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are associated with the outcome of HCV infection, but this associations showed ethnic and geographical differences. The objective of this study is to investigate the asso...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the most common indication for liver transplantation in many countries. Although the incidence of hepatitis C infection has dramatically decreased during the past decade, the worldwide reservoir of chronically infected persons is estimated at 170 million, or 3% of the global ...