It had been found previously that exposure of human lymphocytes in vitro to diethylstilbestrol (DES), a synthetic estrogen and known human carcinogen, led to the induction of sister chromatid exchanges. More sister chromatid exchanges were induced in cells from pregnant women than from men. To see if the effects of DES could be induced by other estrogens, lymphocytes from a man and a pregnant w...

BACKGROUND Sister chromatid cohesion is needed for proper alignment and segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Chromatids are linked by the multiprotein cohesin complex, which binds to DNA during G(1) and then establishes cohesion during S phase DNA replication. However, many aspects of the mechanisms that establish and maintain cohesion during mitosis remain unclear. RESULTS We fou...

Following DNA replication, sister chromatids must stay connected for the remainder of the cell cycle in order to ensure accurate segregation in the subsequent cell division. This important function involves an evolutionarily conserved protein complex known as cohesin; any loss of cohesin causes premature sister chromatid separation in mitosis. Here, we examined the role of cohesin in sister chr...

The large subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerase , Pol2, comprises two essential functions. The N terminus has essential DNA polymerase activity. The C terminus is also essential, but its function is unknown. We report here that the C-terminal domain of Pol2 interacts with polymerase (Pol ), a recently identified, essential nuclear nucleotidyl transferase encoded by two redundant ge...

A novel multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization approach, using an alpha satellite probe which labels the centromeric region on chromosome 1 and a classical satellite probe which targets an adjacent breakage-prone region (1q12), has been used to detect both hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human cells. With the use of this technique significant increases in chromosomal ...

BACKGROUND Previous research reveals an association between traumatic stress and an increased risk for numerous diseases, including cancer. At the molecular level, stress may increase carcinogenesis via increased DNA damage and impaired DNA repair mechanisms. We assessed DNA breakage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and measured t...

B susceptibility and hardness of three yellow dent corn hybrids were determined for kernels separated into 6 size and shape categories and equilibrated to 12.3 and 14.7% moisture (wet basis). Measurements for breakage susceptibility by severe impact from the Wisconsin Breakage Tester (WBT) and by a grinding action from the Stein Breakage Tester (SBT) were determined by sieve and by a green dye ...

We have monitored 30 pesticide-exposed workers and 30 matched controls for expression of chromosome aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in their lymphocytes. Peripheral blood cultures were set up within 3 hr after the collection of samples, and four cultures were set up from each donor. For CA analysis, 100 complete metaphase cells from each donor were evaluated. For the SCE a...

background: this study has used biomarker of exposure-effect continuum to examine the biological characteristics of organophosphate (op) toxicity and its genotoxic effect among rice farmers.   materials and methods : a cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 pesticide exposed rice farmers and 160 adults from the fishing village as the unexposed group. they share the common socio-economica...

Using DEM (Discrete Element Method), a model is presented to simulate the breakage of two-dimensional polygonshaped particles. In this model, shapes of the particles generated after breakage are predefined and each uniform (uncracked) particle is replaced with smaller inter-connected sub-particles. If the bond between these sub-particles breaks, breakage will happen. With the help of this model...