The survival of Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 13311) heated and recovered in media with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5% (w/w) added sodium chloride was investigated. A protective effect in the heating medium and an inhibitory effect in the recovery medium were observed. The results showed an interaction between the effect on, D(58 degrees C) values, of sodium chloride concentration in both media. Lower conc...

This paper presents an experimental program on rapid chloride permeability test on lightweight concrete produced from oil palm clinker aggregates. Oil palm clinker is obtained from by-product of palm oil milling. Utilising oil palm clinker in concrete production not only solves the problem of disposing this solid waste but also help to converse natural resources. The parameter of investigation ...

Plasma membrane wound repair is an important but poorly understood process. We used femtosecond pulses from a Ti-Sapphire laser to make multiphoton excitation-induced disruptions of the plasma membrane while monitoring the membrane potential and resistance. We observed two types of wounds that depolarized the plasma membrane. At threshold light levels, the membrane potential and resistance retu...

Determination of the threshold values of support and confidence, affect the quality of association rule mining up to a great extent. Focus of my study is to apply weighted PSO for evaluating threshold values for support and confidence. The particle swarm optimization algorithm first searches for the optimum fitness value of each particle and then finds corresponding support and confidence as mi...

This paper describes the effect of external chloride on the typical swelling response induced in duck red cells by hypertonicity or norepinephrine. Lowering chloride inhibits swelling and produces concomitant changes in net movements of sodium and potassium in ouabain-treated cells, which resemble the effect of lowering external sodium or potassium. Inhibition is the same whether chloride is re...

In this study, micro-alloyed steel (MAS) material normally used in the production of auto parts has been immersed in an E80 simulated fuel grade ethanol (SFGE) environment and its degradation mechanism in the presence of sodium chloride (NaCl) was evaluated. Corrosion behavior was determined through mass loss tests and electrochemical measurements with respect to a reference test in the absence...

Electrical conductivity and permittivity of carbon black-polyvinyl chloride composites were studied over a wide frequency spectrum (dc, 1.3 GHz). Conductivity of the bulk composites increases with higher volume fraction of carbon black as expected. However, the functional dependence of the increasing conductivity with carbon black loading is different below and above the percolation threshold b...