We investigate the positive and normative consequences of child-labor restrictions for economic aggregates and welfare. We argue that even though the laissez-faire outcome may be inefficient, there are usually better policies to cure these inefficiencies than the imposition of a child-labor ban. Given this finding, we investigate the potential political-economic reasons behind the emergence and...

This article presents a new rationale for imposing restrictions on child labor. In a standard overlapping generation model where parental altruism results in transfers that children allocate to consumption and education, the Nash-Cournot equilibrium results in suboptimal levels of parental transfers and does not maximize the average level of utility of currently living agents. A ban on child la...

This paper presents some issues pertaining to child and adolescent labor and their impact on health, pointing out the main structural characteristics which are responsible for and socially justify the early incorporation of this segment into the labor market. In Brazil, legislation governing adolescent labor is frequently ignored, showing the need to implement health surveillance programs invol...

: working in street as a part of child labor is a global problem. several studies have focused on familial factors of child labor in iran. this study is going to present the issue of child labor and its risk factors and impacts on street children in tehran. this study used rapid assessment and response method in 1391-92 in tehran. samples were recruited from street children in tehran as well as...

The economic exploitation of children is an insult to humanity. All over the world children continue to work, putting at stake their education, their health, their normal development to adulthood, and even their lives. Millions of them work under hazardous conditions which present dangers to their health, safety and welfare. They toil in mines and quarries, are exposed to agrochemicals in agric...

In this study we explore and document perceptions of slum dwellers about causes of poverty and petty corruption in slum areas of Karachi (Pakistan). Moreover, we examine the effects of fatalism on poverty, large family size, and child labor. We conduct a survey by interviewing 100 respondents covering all districts (Central, West, East, Malir, and South) to document slum dwellers’ perceptions. ...

In this paper, we investigate the role of young adult mortality on child labor and educational decisions. We argue that mortality risks are a major source of risks in returns to education in developing countries. We show that, in the absence of appropriate insurance mechanisms, the level of child labor is inefficient, but it can be too high or too low. It is too high when parents are not very a...

Although a growing theoretical literature points to credit constraints as an important source of inefficiently high child labor, little work has been done to assess its empirical relevance. Using panel data from Tanzania, we find that households respond to transitory income shocks by increasing child labor, but that the extent to which child labor is used as a buffer is lower when households ha...

the economic exploitation of children is an insult to humanity. all over the world children continue to work, putting at stake their education, their health, their normal development to adulthood, and even their lives. millions of them work under hazardous conditions which present dangers to their health, safety and welfare. they toil in mines and quarries, are exposed to agrochemicals in agric...