نتایج جستجو برای: child birth
تعداد نتایج: 262188 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This article discusses the state of social change and the disparity between India's Constitutional aims and actual practice in addressing gender inequality and the special risks of female children in India. The second part of this article summarizes Constitutional articles and laws relating to protection of women and a girl child. Before birth, a female child is at risk of fetal death. A wom...
Low birthweight Low birthweight (less than 2,500 grams) has been identified as an important factor impacting on child survival and can affect perinatal mortality, infant mortality, and development of chronic diseases in later life. Preterm birth (<37 weeks) or restricted foetal growth can result in a low birthweight birth. Accordingly, a key performance indicator measuring the incidence of low ...
background exclusive breastfeeding as the most important part of children's lifeline has the most efficacy in health promotion and prevention of diseases in children. several lines of evidence emphasis on positive effects of breastfeeding on physical and mental child growth. the aim of this study was determinate prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and related factors in children attending hea...
Birth weight is a reliable index of intra-uterine growth and a major factor determining child survival, future physical growth and mental development1. Babies born with low birth weight (LBW) have poorer chance of survival and healthy growth and development than babies born with normal weight2. These babies experience greater mental, physical and neurological handicaps later in life3. The birth...
BACKGROUND Most low- and middle-income countries lack fully functional civil registration systems. Measures of under-five mortality are typically derived from periodic household surveys collecting detailed information from women on births and child deaths. However, such surveys are expensive and are not appropriate for monitoring short-term changes in child mortality. We explored and tested the...
It is not inconceivable that by 2035 the substantial gaps in child health across the Pacific can close significantly. Currently, Australia and New Zealand have child mortality rates of 5 and 6 per 1000 live births, respectively, while Pacific island developing nations have under 5 mortality rates ranging from 13 to 16 (Vanuatu, Fiji and Tonga) to 47 and 58 per 1000 live births (Kiribati and Pap...
Marital quality typically declines after the birth of a (first) child, as parenthood brings new identities and responsibilities for mothers and fathers. Yet, it is less clear whether nonmarital, cohabiting relationship quality follows a similar trajectory, particularly given the greater selectivity of cohabiting relationships that persist over time. This paper uses data from the Fragile Familie...
INTRODUCTION To determine the prevalence of incontinence and its relation to various factors like age, parity, mode of delivery and birth weight. METHODS After informed consent, a questionnaire was filled by a trained interviewer. RESULTS The prevalence of incontinence was 18.6%. Incontinence was reported in 12.5% of primis as compared to 26.4% in multis. The incidence of incontinence rose ...
BACKGROUND Many pregnancy and birth cohort studies investigate the health effects of early-life environmental contaminant exposure. An overview of existing studies and their data is needed to improve collaboration, harmonization, and future project planning. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to create a comprehensive overview of European birth cohorts with environmental exposure data. METHODS Birth c...
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