Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from a maize field in the North China Plain (Wangdu County, Hebei Province, China) were investigated using static chambers during two consecutive maize growing seasons in the 2008 and 2009. The N2O pulse emissions occurred with duration of about 10 days after basal and additional fertilizer applications in the both years. The average N20 fluxes from the CK (control...

Decomposition is a critical source of plant nutrients, and drives the largest flux of terrestrial C to the atmosphere. Decomposing soil organic matter typically contains litter from multiple plant species, yet we lack a mechanistic understanding of how species diversity influences decomposition processes. Here, we show that soil C and N cycling during decomposition are controlled by the composi...

Poultry litter is a mixture of bedding materials and enteric bacteria excreted by chickens, and it is typically reused for multiple growth cycles in commercial broiler production. Thus, bacteria can be transmitted from one growth cycle to the next via litter. However, it remains poorly understood how litter reuse affects development and composition of chicken gut microbiota. In this study, the ...

The intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens and the microbiota in the litter have been well studied, but the interactions between these two microbiotas remain to be determined. Therefore, we examined their reciprocal effects by analyzing the intestinal microbiotas of broilers reared on fresh pine shavings versus reused litter, as well as the litter microbiota over a 6-week cycle. Composite il...

To determine the risk of infection associated with exposure to low-pathogenic avian influenza (AI) virus-contaminated poultry litter, the tenacity of low pathogenic A/Ck/CA/431/00(H6N2), A/Mallard/MN/355779/00(H5N2), and A/turkey/Ohio/313053/04(H3N2) was evaluated. Viral stocks were incubated with poultry litter from commercial flocks at 25°C. Three types of poultry litter, wood shavings, shavi...

the saffron understanding the factors that increased the quality and quantity of product in order to achieve optimum performance it is important, in this regard, the use of fertilizers and different densities corm are the most important factor. in this regard, an experiment in 1394 to factorial design in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the village davoodabad locate...

This review examines the scientific literature on the environmental concerns of arsenic additives in poultry litter. A number of questions were addressed on this issue. In summary, the review found: 1) Does arsenic from poultry feed amended with roxarsone end up in poultry litter? The arsenic found in poultry feed ends up in the poultry litter. Poultry litter from chickens receiving feed withou...

in order to evaluate the effects of different organic and chemical fertilizers on yield, yield components and seed oil content of sesame an experiment was conducted in a split plot layout based on randomized complete block design with four replications at research station, faculty of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad in year 2006. four types of fertilizer, including chemical fertilize...

to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical and integrated fertilizers on yield and yield components of turnip (brassica rapa) an experiment was conducted in research farm of college of agriculture, university of tehran, iran, during 2009 - 2010 growing season. the treatments were arranged as randomized complete blocks design with three replications and fifteen different fertilization systems....