Critics of the ACTD construct, particularly in Congress, note that ACTDs provide a mechanism for initiating system development without all the normal approvals usually applied to MDAPs. Critics of OTA use believe that government interests are not adequately protected under the more relaxed management processes inherent in OTA implementation, maintaining that such processes bypass many of the tr...

Copyright is held by the author/owner(s). CSCW’12, February 11–15, 2012, Seattle, Washington, USA. ACM 978-1-4503-0556-3/12/02. Abstract The analysis of large data sets is increasingly collaborative, multidisciplinary and even distributed. There are many advantages including numerous checks and balances on the results. But, even in highly distributed analytic tasks, it would be useful to concur...

Fraud in medical publishing has risen to the national spotlight as manufactured and suspect data have led to retractions of papers in prominent journals. Moral turpitude in medical research has led to the loss of National Institute of Health (NIH) grants, directly affected patient care, and has led to severe legal ramifications for some authors. While there are multiple checks and balances in m...

This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) with specialized encoding, initialization and local search genetic operators to optimize communication network topologies. This NPhard problem is often highly constrained so that random initialization and standard genetic operators usually generate infeasible network architectures. Compounding this infeasibility issue is that the fitness function inv...

This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) with specialized encoding, initialization, and local search operators to optimize the design of communication network topologies. This NP-hard problem is often highly constrained so that random initialization and standard genetic operators usually generate infeasible networks. Another complication is that the fitness function involves calculating the...

Programs with dynamic allocation are able to create and use an unbounded number of fresh resources, such as references, objects, files, etc. We propose History-Register Automata (HRA), a new automata-theoretic formalism for modelling such programs. HRAs extend the expressiveness of previous approaches and bring us to the limits of decidability for reachability checks. The distinctive feature of...

The issuance of Law Number 11 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE) made Indonesian law enter a new phase. existence the ITE is intended to answer all legal issues that are often faced in cyber world related delivery information, communication, / or transactions electronically. This also expected be able regulate matters world. As pioneer Indonesia, still has various ...

As in almost the entire world, Mexico 2020 was year of pandemic. The health and socioeconomic consequences Covid-19 were devastating, severely impacting levels equality inclusiveness country. In terms public contestation, hyper-presidentialism attempts governing party (Morena) to become dominant have eroded checks balances limited political plurality system. Morena is building on bases former h...

One of the more striking recent miscarriages justice was perpetrated by UK's Post Office when subpostmasters and subpostmistresses were prosecuted for fraud that actually arose from malfunctioning software. Over 700 victimised, losing homes livelihoods. We first use a zemiological lens to examine harms caused these events at both second-order range – referred as ‘ripples’. Yet, analysis, while ...

The payment functions of central banks vary among nations. Some central banks provide only limited payment services, such as issuing and redeeming currency and facilitating settlement among members of payments systems by transferring reserve balances.1 In the United States, the Federal Reserve has been a provider of payment services since the early 1900s. By 1918, the Fed had acquired a large s...