Chat rooms, recommendation sites, and customer review sections provide consumers with an opportunity to overcome geographic boundaries and to communicate based on mutual interests. However, marketers have incentives to anonymously supply promotional chat or reviews in order to influence the consumer's evaluation of their products. This, in turn, lowers the credibility of word of mouth transmitt...

Morphological and functional changes in the enteric nervous system (ENS) have been reported in inflammatory bowel disease. We examined the effects of inflammation on the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and nNOS in the muscularis externae of two models of colonic inflammation, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis, which models Crohn's disease-like inflammation, and...

During the last years chat based instant messaging has become a part of the normal communication culture. Instant messaging based chat is now rapidly becoming a mainstream communication medium even in business environments. The same is becoming true for Voice over IP enabled audio communication. Skype, a high quality VoIP software has been downloaded over 200 million times and internet provider...

Recent years have seen a pervasive usage of mobile-based instant messaging apps, which are popularly known as chat apps. On users’ mobile devices, chat logs are usually stored encrypted. This paper is concerned with discovering the decryption key of chat-log database files as they are used by popular chat apps like WhatsApp andWeChat. We propose a systematic and generalized information-flow bas...

CHAT has its limits. It is a three-hour exercise. However, the real world problems of healthcare rationing and priority-setting are too complex for a three-hour exercise. What is needed, as a supplement, are sustained processes of rational democratic deliberation that can address the challenges to healthcare justice posed by costly emerging medical technologies, such as these targeted cancer th...

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are neuro-developmental disorders characterised by persistentimpairment in reciprocal social communication and repetitive patterns of behaviour.Objectives: To screen for ASDs children aged 16 to 30 months using M-CHAT-F (Modified Checklist Autismin Toddlers- Follow up) estimate the prevalence evaluate factors associated with ASDs.Method: Children we...

The study of the process of meaning making is central to Computer Support Collaborative Learning (CSCL). Jurong Junior College and the National Institute of Education (Singapore) Learning Sciences Laboratory have recently conducted several collaborative maths problem solving sessions using the Virtual Math Team Chat, a quasi-synchronous chat medium used to facilitate the process of mathematical...

The effect of β-amyloid aggregates on activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) which is responsible for synthesizing acetylcholine (ACh) in human brain is investigated through the two-enzyme/two-compartment (2E2C) model where the presynaptic neuron is considered as compartment 1 while both the synaptic cleft and the postsynaptic neuron are considered as compartment 2 through suggesting thre...

We explored the immunoreactivity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the cranial nerve motor nuclei of the porcine rhombencephalon to reveal the cholinergic nature of these regions. In our experiments we used an immunohistochemical method for the visualization of all acetylcholine-containing structures. All studied motor nuclei contained ChAT-positive cell bodies and fibres, but the intensit...

This study investigates factors influencing live customer support chat services in Kuwait. Live Customer Support Chat represents a newly implemented type of customer service in E-commerce websites. Live Support Chat allows online agents through company’s websites to answer customer questions, complaints, and concerns on the spot through a live chat session, which bypasses the traditional e-mail...