A difficult problem in the character theory of solvable groups is to show that the number c.d. (G) of irreducible character degrees of a solvable group G is equal to or greater than d.l. (G), the derived length of G. Isaacs [4] has shown that d.l. (G) ^ 3 c.d. (G)-2 for every solvable group. Berger [1] subsequently proved that d.l. (G) < c.d. (G) when | G | is odd. This problem belongs to the c...

Phylogenetic inference aims to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of different species based on genetic (or other) data. Discrete characters are a particular type of data, which contain information on how the species should be grouped together. However, it has long been known that some characters contain more information than others. For instance, a character that assigns the same state...

A quantitative genetic model of the joint evolution of female mating preferences and sexual dimorphism in homologous characters of the sexes is described for polygamous species with no male parental effort, such that mating preferences are selectively neutral and evolve only by indirect selection on genetically correlated characters. The male character and the homologous female character are ea...

In this paper, we present a database and methods for off-line isolated Greek handwritten character recognition. The Computational Intelligence Laboratory (CIL) Database consists of 35,000 isolated and labelled Greek handwritten characters. This database was tested with an existing structural approach for Greek handwritten characters as well as with a novel approach based on a hybrid feature ext...

Department of Computer Science Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysore Campus Bogadi, Mysore INDIA _____________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Recognition of text document images is the inclination of any optical character recognition systems. This paper aims at extending the functionality of optical character recognition system to recognize more t...

We use characters as a basis for data representation in computers, and as a tool for communication over computer networks. Computer programs are made of characters, we exchange mails that are sequences of characters, and many of the contents available over the Internet are realized in the form of characters. Currently, in the field of information processing, characters are defined and shared us...

In this paper, a binarization method based on fractal dimension for character string extraction is proposed. In character extraction from a scene image, a major problem is how to deal with much different type of characters in a complex background. The proposed method can obtain multiple threshold values which are correspond to each character regions by detecting the stable intervals of fractal ...

New propositions are made in order to implement the cladotypic taxonomic system. The term ‘taxon’ designates metapopulation lineages that evolved from a unique metapopulation lineage. In other words, a taxon is composed of a species that experienced a cladogenesis event, and all its descendants. A new formulation for the defi nition of particular taxa is proposed: a taxon is a species that evol...