This manuscript does not include the tables or figures In Part I of this paper the development of allocated and incremental cost and revenue techniques was described. have become predominant. In contrast, methodologies for dealing with revenues, particularly incremental measures, are in their infancy. Part II of the paper describes the state-of-the-art for these methods. This review is explicit...

PURPOSE To report (1) the costs of verteporfin photodynamic therapy (VPDT) in routine treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), (2) the relationship between health and social service costs and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), (3) the cost-effectiveness of VPDT versus a best supportive care (BSC) group who were assumed to have no active treatment, and (4) lessons for ...

Although schizophrenia affects only about 1% of the worldwide population, it is costly to patients, their families, community care centers, hospitals, and society. International cost of illness studies show a wide variation, with annual costs ranging from Australia's $139 million US dollars (1975) to the cost in the United States of $65.2 billion US dollars (1991). Since methodology and assumpt...

Western governments currently prioritize economic growth and the pursuit of profit above alternative goals of sustainability, health and equality. Climate change and rising energy costs are challenging this consensus. The realization of the transformation required to meet these challenges has provoked denial and conflict, but could lead to a more positive response which leads to a health divide...

Urban water systems are impacted by land use within their source watersheds, as it affects raw water quality and thus the costs of water treatment. However, global estimates of the effect of land cover change on urban water-treatment costs have been hampered by a lack of global information on urban source watersheds. Here, we use a unique map of the urban source watersheds for 309 large cities ...

This research aims to study the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company. The relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company has been studied separately for materials, manpower, machinery, and whole of company. In this study, traditional method was used to collect quality costs and PAF model was used to determine the components of ...

conclusions accidents resulting in death, total disability and partial disability impose huge costs that are borne by society, and employers bear relatively low costs due to the health, treatment and welfare systems provided by society for the treatment and rehabilitation of injured workers and their families. also, the results of this study show that investment in the hse-ms is effective and a...

Within the broad set of climate change issues, one that is growing in controversy and potential importance is the ancillary benefits and costs of policies to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs). Ancillary benefits and costs are externalities arising from GHG abatement policies that are achieved jointly with the reduction of GHGs in the atmosphere. Analysts have attempted to identify and in some case...