Decision makers in a supply chain confront two main sources of uncertainty in market environment including uncertainty about customers purchasing behaviors and rival chains strategies. Focusing on competition between two supply chains, it is considered that each customer as an independent player selects products of these chains based on randomutilitymodel. Similar to quantal response equilibriu...

1. The presence of a substance associated with human albumin that exerts anti-insulin activity on the isolated rat diaphragm has been confirmed. This factor has been removed from albumin, thereby providing a source of non-antagonistic carrier protein. 2. Derivatives of the polypeptide B chain of insulin obtained by chemical scission of the interchain disulphide bonds have been separated by conv...

in recent years, following the rapid industrialization of communities is of great interest to environmental deficiencies and governments have started to enforce environmental laws. according to requirements of today's world, green supply chain management is inevitable. this study was aimed to identify and prioritize the factors affecting green supply chain in the automotive industry companies, ...

This paper studies the impacts of foreign exchange risk and competition intensity on supply chain companies who are involved in offshore outsourcing activities. In particular, we develop a variational inequality model that considers firms’ decision-making regarding pricing, offshore outsourcing, transportation, and in-house production under competition and foreign exchange uncertainty. We also ...

Supply chain management (SCM) deals with planning and coordinating activities such as material procurement, product assembly, and the distribution of manufactured products. This paper offers an agent-based solution as a potentially adequate approach for the automation of supply chain management. The greatest obstacle in SCM research is obtaining benchmark designed solutions since it is difficul...

The B chain of mammalian insulins contains appropriately spaced amino acids that predict recognition by T cells. However, all T cell clones from an HLA-DR1, Dw6 diabetic donor recognize epitopes associated with the A chain, and the B chain was found to inhibit these responses. Effective intramolecular competition at the level of the APC, not a direct effect on the T cell, is responsible for the...

Following the increasing intensity of competition in the market, more and more enterprises choose supply chain as its model of business operation. In this paper, a multi-agent based model of supply chain system in manufacturing is constructed on the basis of supply chain system with complex adaptive system. The same agent model is constructed respectively from the enterprise entity perspective ...

Abstract. The weather information value chain provides a framework for characterising the production, communication, and use of by all stakeholders in an end-to-end warning system covering hazard monitoring, modelling forecasting, risk assessment, communication preparedness activities. Warning services are typically developed provided through multitude complex malleable chains (networks), often...