background: the sentinel lymph node (sln) is defined as the first chain node in the lymphatic basin that receives primary lymphatic flow. if the sln is negative for metastatic disease, then other nodes are expected to be disease-free. sln techniques have been extensively applied in the staging and treatment of many tumors, including melanoma, breast and vulvar cancers. this study aims to evalua...

This European consensus statement on essential colposcopy provides standards for the general colposcopist seeing women referred with an abnormal cervical screening test (including cytology and HPV tests) or a clinically suspicious cervix. The article gives guidance regarding aims conduct of colposcopy. Recommendations are provided technique, management common issues, treatment follow-up after C...

Introduction: In the current study we evaluated the incremental value of lateral pelvic lymphoscintigraphy imaging of endometrial or cervical cancer patients who underwent sentinel node mapping. Methods: Operable endometrial and cervical cancer patients without clinical or paraclinical evidence of lymph node involvement were included in the study. The day before surgery the patients were sent ...

Objective: To determine the impact of Kendall versus Gong's intervention according to pain sensation, range of movement, function, strength, and posture in cases with text neck syndrome Methods: This randomized clinical trial recruited a sample of 24 patients with text neck syndrome from Fatima Hospital, Sargodha, Pakistan from January to April 2021. The samples were randomly divided into 2 gr...

Introduction: Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) is a very rare cause of dysphagia when it occurs in the cervical spine. It can also affect the lumbar region where it causes deformity. Case Report: In this article, a rare case of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis involving both the cervical and lumbar spine, presenting with dysphagia and spinal stiffness leading to a stoopin...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cervical ribs are congenital variants that are known to cause TOS or brachial plexopathy in up to 10% of the affected individuals. We investigated how often cervical ribs are present on cervical spine CT scans to determine the incidence in humans and the percentage of reported cervical ribs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cervical spine CT scans and the reports of 3404 consecuti...

Background: The accuracy of diagnostic assays in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genital infection and cervical cancer has remained a clinical challenge in diagnosis.  Evidence indicates that a large proportion of cervical cancer can be prevented through organized care for HPV and testing. Countries with low per capita income, such as Iran and its neighbour...