rice comes second after wheat in iran`s food consumption economy. however iran is one of the greatest rice importer countries all over the world because of its rising population and recent growth in gdp. this paper presents an analysis of cointegration test between rice import and it`s economic factors over the period 1990-2011, employing engle-granger model. at first, dickey-fuller test shows ...

Soil surface texture is an important environmental factor that influences crop productivity because of its direct effect on soil water and complex interactions with other environmental factors. Using 30-year data, an agricultural system model (DSSAT-CERES-Wheat) was calibrated and validated. After validation, the modelled yield and water use (WU) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from two ...

Polygonal impact craters (PICs) are supposed to form as a result of impacts into structure systems within the target. The an umbrella term which encompass faults, joints, fractures, lithographic boundaries, and other planes weakness. These defined having at least two linear rim segments with recognizable angle between segments. PICs have been reported on both rocky icy bodies including Ceres. U...

INTRODUCTION The authors present IR spectra (0.9–2.5 μm) and narrowband photometry (3.0–3.5 μm) for low-albedo asteroids Ceres, Pallas, and Bamberga. The authors compare the major mineral absorption features to those found in primary carbonaceous chondrite matrix material (CCMM) and secondary alteration products. The observed differences between spectral reflectances between the three C-type as...

Based on a realistic model for the meson in free space we investigate its medium modiications through rescattering in a hot hadron gas. Within the vector dominance model the corresponding in-medium spectral function is applied to calculate e + e ? spectra in central Pb+Au as measured by the CERES collaboration at CERN-SpS energies; we also compare to results obtained with the assumption of a 'd...

[1] We describe a method that retrieves surface photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and its direct and diffuse components from the Surface and Atmospheric Radiation Budget (SARB) product of Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES). The shortwave spectrum in the SARB Edition 2 is calculated in 15 bands, 4 of which are used to develop the PAR, in conjunction with the look-up tab...

The radiation budget at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is a quantity of fundamental importance to the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Thus, it is necessary to measure the radiation budget components, broadband shortwave (SW) albedo and outgoing longwave radiation, as accurately as possible. Measurement of TOA broadband albedos over the ARM surface sites has only been possible ...

Functional properties of fermented bran produced by Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus sp. in a solid-state fermentation system were determined, with an aim to evaluate their application in food formulation. The defatted rice bran and wheat bran were inoculated with the spores of the cultures and incubated at 30°C for 72 h. Samples were withdrawn at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Protein content, protein sol...

Computer models may be useful tools to design management practices for green manures, to maximize N uptake by the following crop while minimizing N losses to leaching. A previous paper tested CERES models predictions of soil processes in the absence of a crop, but did not consider effects of the crop, such as water and N uptake or shading of the soil surface. In this paper, we evaluated the abi...