Although widely accepted as broad-spectrum antibiotics, cephalosporins are not active against all the bacteria commonly isolated in a hospital microbiology laboratory. Organisms that are not inhibited by cephalosporin therapy consequently overgrow, with varying potential to cause infection. Some of these are instantly recognizable as pathogens; others, although originally regarded as commensal ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of new management policies on the incidence of invasive Candida infections. METHODS This observational study involved a retrospective analysis of the patients' medical records. In total, 99 very low birth weight infants, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Ajou University Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011, were enrolled for ...

Some orthopaedic patients might be at risk for enterococcal infections and might benefit from adapted perioperative prophylaxis. METHODS We performed a single-center cohort of adult patients with orthopaedic infections. RESULTS Among 2740 infection episodes, 665 surgeries (24%) involved osteosynthesis material, including total joint arthroplasties. The recommended perioperative prophylaxis ...

Salmonella spp. are important food-borne pathogens that are demonstrating increasing antimicrobial resistance rates in isolates obtained from food animals and humans. In this study, 10 multidrug-resistant, cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella isolates from bovine, porcine, and human sources from a single geographic region were identified. All isolates demonstrated resistance to cephamycins and ex...

Using a rabbit model of meningitis, we sought to determine the efficacy of LY333328, a semisynthetic glycopeptide, in the treatment of cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis. LY333328 was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight/day, alone and in combination with ceftriaxone at 100 mg/kg/day with or without dexamethasone at 0.25 mg/kg/day. The therapeutic groups were treated w...

The aim of this study was to gain knowledge of the local epidemiology of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant bacteria in primary care patients in a Swiss community. Fecal swabs were obtained from 291 primary care patients. Phenotyping and genotyping methods were used for further characterization of the isolates. Risk factors associated with carriage of ß-lactam-resistant strains were dete...

BACKGROUND Nowadays, the global spread of resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae implies the need for novel diagnostics that can rapidly target resistant organisms from these bacterial species. METHODS In this study, we developed and evaluated a Direct Mass Spectrometry assay for Beta-Lactamase (D-MSBL) that allows direct identification of (oxyimino)cephalosporin-resistan...

The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumonia to penicillin G, ceftriaxone and vancomycin in patients with meningitis; to analyze possible risk factors to the antimicrobian resistance; to describe the serotypes detected and to suggest an initial empirical treatment for meningitis. The sensitiveness and serotypes of all isolated S. pneumoniae o...

This study extends previous analytical solutions of concentration polarization occurring solely in the depleted region, to the more realistic geometry consisting of a three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous ion-permselective medium connecting two opposite microchambers (i.e., a three-layer system). Under the local electroneutrality approximation, the separation of variable methods is used to deriv...