There is significant demand for portable sensors that can deliver selective and sensitive measurement of ethanol on-site. Such have application across many industries, including clinical forensic work as well agricultural environmental analysis. Here, we report a new graphene–indium oxide electrochemical sensor the determination in aqueous samples. Graphene layers were functionalised by anchori...

The present study prepares alkali lignin (AL) via acidification of black liquor, obtained from a pulp and paper factory. The average molecular weight of AL (equal to 2,530 g/mol) has been determined with gel permeation chromatography. AL has been modified by ethylene glycol, while lignin nanoparticles (LN) has been prepared through acid precipitation technology, their size being assessed by mea...

In this study a new method of preconcentration, separation and efficient measuring of so-called hollow fiber solid / liquid phase microextraction has been introduced for the determination of trace amounts of lorazepam (LRZ) in water samples, urine and hair using differential pulse voltammetry. To this end, a hybrid adsorbent material was used that involved ionic liquid assisted magnetic multi-w...

Advanced treatment of biologically processed palm oil mill effluent (BIOTPOME), which possesses a potential danger to the water sources is required meet Malaysian discharge standard, as BIOTPOME contains high level chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids and grease even after going through conventional process. The significant but insufficient efficiency ponding system in Malaysia urged ...

Cutting tests were conducted to medium carbon steel using HSS tools with cutting fluid. The experimental design used was based on response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design. Chips were collected at different machining conditions and thickness and microhardness measurements taken and analyzed using “DESIGN EXPERT 7” experimental design software. Mathematical models of th...

In the present work a pH-dependent cloud point extraction procedure using pH-sensitive hydrogel polymer was applied for preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of the Hg(II) as its Thio micher's ketone complex. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface method were applied to design the experiments and find out the optimum conditions. Four factors entitled concentration o...

Objective: The study aimed to develop fast-dissolving films (FDFs) of the immunosuppressant drug tacrolimus monohydrate for sublingual administration, employing central composite design (CCD), improve its bioavailability. Methods: Tacrolimus: β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes prepared earlier were formulated into FDFs. CCD was used developing optimal film formulation with desired characteristi...

The use of isopropanol as a hydroxyl radical scavenger on the radiosynthesis alginate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can limit its application in nanomedicine. Meanwhile, optimum condition for gamma irradiation synthesis AgNPs without addition has not been reported yet. In this study, optimization process was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Central Co...