literatures have reported that a lot of drought related genes were cloned and individual gene showed positive effects under controlled stress experiments, but were not much effective in the field. although, the progresses by conventional breeding approaches were achievable as some drought varieties have been released to the farmers in the recent years but this is not adequate to cope up with th...

The vast majority of medical computer-based training (CBT) systems aim at problem-oriented case based training. A crucial issue in the design of CBT systems is the selection of appropriate cases for a representative collection of medical cases. Another issue is the presentation of those case collections to the users. Training systems often provide a simple numbered list (e.g. Case 1, Case 2, .....

background: the traditional methods of studying the gene-environment interactions need a control group. however, the selection of an appropriate control group has been associated with problems. therefore, new methods, such as case-only design, have been created to study such interactions. the objective of this study was to compare the case-only and case-control designs using data from patients ...

Background: The traditional methods of studying the gene-environment interactions need a control group. However, the selection of an appropriate control group has been associated with problems. Therefore, new methods, such as case-only design, have been created to study such interactions. The objective of this study was to compare the case-only and case-control designs using data from patients ...

The C-C chemokine receptor 5, 32 base-pair deletion (CCR5-D32) allele confers strong resistance to infection by the AIDS virus HIV. Previous studies have suggested that CCR5-D32 arose within the past 1,000 y and rose to its present high frequency (5%–14%) in Europe as a result of strong positive selection, perhaps by such selective agents as the bubonic plague or smallpox during the Middle Ages...

How should qualitative researchers select cases? This is an important question, which has been widely canvassed. Mahoney and Goertz (2004) offer some principles to govern case selection, illustrating the argument by Hempel’s raven paradox. In this paper, I suggest resolving the paradox by distinguishing between samples and populations. I also suggest that the Mahoney-Goertz rules have limited s...

Software testing is very important for ensuring software quality in organizations. In fact, the quality of test suite plays an important role for the success of software testing .Ant colony optimization (ACO) which is a part of Swarm Intelligence is used to settle optimization problem. This paper attempts to provide ideas of Test Case Selection and Prioritization which Ant Colony Optimization w...

Feature selection and case organization are crucial steps in case-based reasoning (CBR), since the retrieval efficiency and accuracy even the success of the CBR system are heavily dependent on their quality. However, inappropriate feature selection and case selection together with ill-structured case organization may not only present a dilemma in case retrieval, but also greatly increase the ca...

The C-C chemokine receptor 5, 32 base-pair deletion (CCR5-Delta32) allele confers strong resistance to infection by the AIDS virus HIV. Previous studies have suggested that CCR5-Delta32 arose within the past 1,000 y and rose to its present high frequency (5%-14%) in Europe as a result of strong positive selection, perhaps by such selective agents as the bubonic plague or smallpox during the Mid...