this paper examines the relationship between environmental law and intellectual property law in light of international documents and procedures. the key question raised here is the role of intellectual property law in conservation of global environment. in this regard, we can express two general approaches: the neutral theory of intellectual property right and the systemic theory of intellectua...

to complete “the use theory of meaning”, paul horwich put forward a new thesis upon which some usages of a word have explanatory role and justify the overall use-regularities of that word. these specific usages have a basic acceptance property which makes them believable in user’s belief system and, like a semantic axiom, make other usages justified. but, there are still some usages that cannot...

Abstract. Riverine flood hazard is the consequence of meteorological drivers, primarily precipitation, hydrological processes and interaction floodwaters with floodplain landscape. Modeling this can be particularly challenging because multiple steps differing spatial scales involved in varying processes. As climate modeling community increases their focus on risks associated change, it importan...

It is argued that among possible nonlocal hidden-variable theories a particular class (called here ‘‘crypto-nonlocal’’ or CN) is relatively plausible on physical grounds. CN theories have the property that (for example) the two photons emitted in an atomic cascade process are indistinguishable in their individual statistical properties from photons emitted singly, and that in the latter case th...

Due to the uniform cyto-architecture of the cerebellar cortex, its overall physiological characteristics have traditionally been considered to be homogeneous. In this study, we show in awake mice at rest that spiking activity of Purkinje cells, the sole output cells of the cerebellar cortex, differs between cerebellar modules and correlates with their expression of the glycolytic enzyme aldolas...

Due to the piezoelectric properties of III–V materials, an acoustic wave propagating along the optical axis of a unipolar laser produces a periodic modulation of the carrier density and the optical gain, sufficient for providing distributed feedback ~DFB! with a mode suppression ratio exceeding 30 dB. In contrast to bipolar lasers, the piezoelectric modulation of unipolar carrier density is not...

It was shown that at typical energies and luminosities of an ee linear collider one can observe a significant suppression of fluctuations of the number of gluons in small angular regions. This property of jets is expected in ee annihilation as well as in any collision producing high energy quarks which give rise to the QCD gluon cascade. The reduction of multiplicity fluctuations was obtained f...

It is well known that the time-varying Kalman Filter (KF) is globally exponentially stable and optimal in the sense of minimum variance under some conditions. However, nonlinear approximations such as the extended KF linearizes the system about the estimated state trajectories, leading in general to loss of both global stability and optimality. Nonlinear observers tend to have strong, often glo...

Many biological properties of algae have been found to have useful applications in human health, particularly in the fields of oncology and immunology. Floridoside, extracted from the red alga Mastocarpus stellatus, has a structure similar to the xenoantigen Gal alpha 1-3 Gal. This xenoantigen has been described to induce a high immune response in human xenografts and is mediated by natural ant...