Carvedilol is a non-selective β-blocker used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, including myocardial ischemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of carvedilol on simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were incubated with either a vehicle or an ischemic buffer durin...

BACKGROUND In addition to its known properties as a competitive, nonselective beta and alpha-1 receptor blocker, carvedilol directly inhibits vascular myocyte migration and proliferation and exerts antioxidant effects that are considerably greater than those of vitamin E or probucol. This provides the basis for an evaluation of carvedilol for the prevention of coronary restenosis. METHODS AND...

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of heart failure. However, direct evidence of oxidative stress generation in the human failing myocardium has not been obtained. Furthermore, the effect of carvedilol, a vasodilating beta-blocker with antioxidant activity, on oxidative stress in human failing hearts has not been assessed. This study was therefore designed to de...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the process of reverse left ventricular remodelling in response to carvedilol is dependent on baseline heart rate (BHR), heart rhythm, or heart rate reduction (HRR) in response to carvedilol. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of serial echocardiograms in 257 patients with chronic systolic heart failure at baseline and at 12-18 months after starting carvedilol. Rever...

OBJECTIVES Report the effect of carvedilol administration on clinical and echocardiographic parameters and outcome in dogs with preclinical (ACVIM Stage B) chronic valvular heart disease (CVD). ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective case series of 38 client-owned dogs. Demographic, physical examination and diagnostic imaging findings, blood pressure (BP), administration details and outc...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of carvedilol in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study, 30 patients (7 women) with functional class II and III heart failure were assessed. Their ages ranged from 28 to 66 years (mean of 43 +/- 9 years), and their left ventricular ejection fraction varied from 8% to 35%. Carvedilol was add...

The interaction of adrenergic agonists and/or antagonists with the adrenergic receptors expressed on immunologically active cells including macrophages plays an important role in regulation of inflammatory responses. Our study investigated the effects of carvedilol, a unique vasodilating beta-adrenergic antagonist, and endogenous adrenergic agonists (adrenalin, noradrenalin, and dopamine) and/o...

OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that carvedilol, a beta-adrenoceptor and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist with potent antioxidant property, could inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced endothelial adhesiveness to human mononuclear cells (MNCs), an early sign of atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Circulating MNCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. Com...

INTRODUCTION Despite the widespread use of the mouse transverse aortic constriction heart failure model, there are no reports on the characterization of the standard-of-care agent carvedilol in this model. METHODS Left ventricular pressure overload was produced in mice by transverse aortic constriction between the innominate and left common carotid arteries. Carvedilol was administered at mul...

Background: b Blocker treatment may worsen glucose metabolism. Objective: To study the development of new onset diabetes in a large cohort of patients with heart failure treated with either metoprolol or carvedilol. Design: Prospective and retrospective analysis of a controlled clinical trial. Setting: Multinational multicentre study. Patients: 3029 patients with chronic heart failure. Interven...