Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) is a broad term used to describe an injury or abnormality of the talar articular cartilage and adjacent bone. Historically, a variety of terms have been used to refer to this clinical entity including osteochondritis dissecans, osteochondral fracture, and osteochondral defect. Currently, six characteristics are used to categorize a particular lesion (Tabl...

To clarify the involvement of the caspase family in the pathway of NO-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage obtained from 8 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty were used for histopathological study. Cartilage samples taken from non-fibrillated areas of femoral head resected during surgery for femoral neck fracture were used for comparison. DNA fragmentation of chon...

Homicide by hanging is a rare incident and, in contrast to suicidal cases, only limited number of homicidal cases have been reported. This comprehensive review conducted summarize the published forensic pathology evidence homicide hanging. A systematic search five journal databases resulted 12 case reports. All articles passed selection criteria and were appraised using JBI critical appraisal w...

INTRODUCTION: Bone regeneration occurs through a series of spatiotemporal events influenced by the mechanical environment, various local and systemic factors, and the embryological origin of the specific bone. Long bone fractures treated with flexible fixation heal primarily through endochondral ossification. Following an initial inflammatory phase, mesenchymal cells proliferate and undergo cho...

An 1 1 year old boy fell off a swing onto an outstretched left hand. He attended the accident and emergency department with a painful, swollen left elbow. Radiography of the injured elbow confirmed the undisplaced supracondylar fracture (fig 1). He was treated with a broad arm sling. A week later the child was seen in the fracture clinic and overall evaluation revealed tenderness over the left ...

Patella fracture is relatively uncommon and the vertical trace fracture represents almost 12-17%. The open patella fracture expresses 6-30%. The association of these two uncommon conditions was the aim of this case report even as the treatment and the moment of fixation (definitive surgical treatment). A 27-year-old man after a motorcycle accident showed an open patella fracture classified as a...

A seven-month-old cat was referred, after having been missing for one week, for evaluation and treatment of a right forelimb injury and facial fractures. On physical examination, a moderate partial weight-bearing lameness of the right forelimb was present, with palpable crepitus in the glenohumeral joint. Dental radiographs revealed a midline palatal fracture and rostral fractures of the left m...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the influence of loading frequency on the failure of articular cartilage-on-bone specimens under three-point bending. METHODS In this study, cyclic three-point bending was used to introduce failure into cartilage-on-bone specimens at varying loading frequencies. Sinusiodally varying maximum compressive loads in the range 40-130 N were ap...

One hundred patients with recently acquired, externally visible mandibular deformity and no history of previous extraarticular mandible fracture were selected for retrospective analysis. All had been investigated clinically and with radiography, tomography, and high-field surface-coil MR imaging to determine the presence or absence and extent of temporomandibular joint degeneration. Temporomand...

Fracture healing is a complex process that involves presence of osteoprogenitor cells and growth factors. Therefore, the integrity of the fracture site surrounding tissues including periosteum is necessary in order to provide the resources for bone regeneration. The purpose of this review is to organize and synthesize the relevant information regarding periosteum and fracture repair. Periosteum...