The term “immediate release” pharmaceutical formulation includes any in which the rate of release drug from or absorption drug, is neither appreciably, nor intentionally, retarded by galenic manipulations. These tablets disintegrate rapidly and get dissolved to medicaments. It may be provided for way an appropriate pharmaceutically acceptable diluent carrier, carrier does not prolong, appreciab...

OFDM is defined as a form of multi-carrier modulation where the carrier spacing is carefully selected so that each sub carrier is orthogonal to the other sub carriers. As the sub carriers are orthogonal, the spectrum of each carrier has a null at the center frequency of each of the other carriers in the system. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising technique to perfor...

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is technique of multi-carrier modulation in which a single high rate data-stream is first divided into multiple low rate data-streams and is then modulated using sub-carriers. These sub-carriers are orthogonal to each other. Its main advantages are multipath delay spread tolerance, high spectral efficiency, immunity to Frequency Selective Fading...

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has recently been used widely in wireless communication systems. OFDM is very effective in combating inter-symbol interference and can achieve high data rate in frequency selective channel. For OFDM communication systems, the frequency offsets in mobile radio channels distort the orthogonality between subcarriers resulting in Inter Carrier Inter...

Calculation of carrier risk of an X linked disease may be performed on a small computer after DNA analysis, but a method for rapid hand estimation of the risk is still useful for a quick check of the results and weighing the relative importance of each element of information, such as the determination of a haplotype. Each risk estimation is a function of a prior risk and the product of likeliho...

The demodulation of phase encoded high frequency carrier signals is a problem encountered in many applications and areas of research. Numerous electronic methods for demodulation of the carrier, including digital counting techniques and quadrature mixing demodulation have become standard.l Alternatively, the waveforms can be digitized and the phase extracted computationally.Q As the carrier fre...

Porous carriers in fluidized bed have been used for microbial immobilization in order to simultaneously remove organic carbon and nitrogen in wastewater. In particular, multifunctional microbial reactions in the carrier, such as simultaneous nitrification/denitrification, play important roles in nitrogen removal. To enhance these reactions the substrates should be supplied into the carrier with...

In Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) carriers are orthogonally related and hence no guard band is necessary like in Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). So spectrums of users can overlap which enhances the spectrum efficiency of the network. In this thesis one of the main concern of OFDM, inter carrier interference (ICI) is considered using different window functions in freque...

Background and Objective One of the established strategies to improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs is solid dispersion (SD). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as common carrier despite its stability problem which may be overcome by the addition of hydrophobic polymer. The present research aimed to develop an SD formulation with ibuprofen, a poor water-soluble BC...

background: available drugs are not able to eradicate intracellular viral dna in patients with hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections. hbsag vaccine could induce immunity and subsequently eradicate hepatitis b virus in proportions of these patients. our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of hbsag as a mode of therapy in inactive carriers. materials and methods: forty two consecutive patients of inact...