BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transarterial detachable balloon embolization of direct carotid cavernous fistulas (DCCFs) has become an optimal treatment. In a few cases, the parent artery has to be sacrificed to achieve morphologic cure. We present our experience with transarterial balloon-assisted n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) embolization of DCCFs in which there was failure to achieve angiographic...

The risk of fatal injury of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and surrounding anatomy during transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma is the most severe potential complication associated with this particular approach. We present a case in which iatrogenic injury to a patient's ICA and resultant carotid cavernous fistula and massive hemorrhage was successfully managed with the emergency pla...

Four patients underwent transarterial embolization of a carotid-cavernous fistula with Guglielmi detachable coils; in three cases as the initial form of treatment and in one case after treatment via transarterial balloon embolization failed. The fistulas were 2 to 3 mm in diameter on pretreatment angiograms. Complete obliteration was achieved in two patients; in the other two, minimal residual ...

A 9-year-old child presented with right eye swelling and bluish discoloration over the periorbital region. MR and CT displayed prominent vessels within the orbit and in the facial region, suggesting a carotid-cavernous fistula. Doppler ultrasound indicated the vascular engorgement was not secondary to a proximal arteriovenous shunt. Arteriography with its inherent time sequence image capability...

INTRODUCTION: The cortico-cavernous fistula is uncommon and uncommonly uncommon. A characterized by an abnormal vascular connection between the internal or external carotid arteries venous channels of cavernous sinus. If left untreated, it might cause additional complications such as intracerebral hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epistaxis, otorrhagia. Secondary glaucoma.CASE PRESENTATION: in...