OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the general population, especially in nondiabetic and nonhypertensive subjects, and its association with known cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING Inhabitants of the city of Groningen, the Netherlands. SUBJECTS All inhabitants, aged between 28 and 75 years, were se...

Renal transplantation is currently the preferred treatment modality for virtually all suitable candidates with end-stage renal disease. When compared with the general population, cardiovascular mortality in transplant recipients is increased by nearly 10-fold among patients within the age range of 35 and 44 and at least doubled among those between the ages of 55 and 64. All transplant recipient...

Vascular Risk Factors refer to risk factors that increase an individual’s chances of developing cardiovascular disease [1]. Vascular risk factors have also been linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia [2]. It is therefore important that we are aware of vascular risk factors that we can modify through healthy changes to our lifestyle in order to reduce our risk of cognit...

Vascular Risk Factors refer to risk factors that increase an individual’s chances of developing cardiovascular disease [1]. Vascular risk factors have also been linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia [2]. It is therefore important that we are aware of vascular risk factors that we can modify through healthy changes to our lifestyle in order to reduce our risk of cognit...

INTRODUCTION Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention programmes have been effective in urban residents, their effectiveness in non-urban settings, where cardio-metabolic risk is typically elevated, is unknown. We systematically reviewed the effectiveness of primary prevention programmes aimed at reducing risk factors for CVD/T2DM, including blood pre...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia encountered in the U.S. and the growing burden of AF has profound health implications due to the association of AF with an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. AF is a significant risk factor for thromboembolic stroke; and also independently increases total mortality in patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Va...

T-cadherin, a special member of cadherin family, expresses with blood circulation involving the heart i.e. CVS. Cadherin is connected healthy conditions an individual and normal functioning cardio-vascular metabolism. T-cadherin mainly associated vascular system human. Previous studies analysed this been unexpressed within fat storing tissues adipose tissue peri-aortic peri-coronary, it present...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance has been associated with metabolic and hemodynamic alterations and higher cardio metabolic risk. There is great variability in the threshold homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels to define insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of age and gender in the estimation of HOMA-IR optimal cut-off values to...