Proper processing of coconut shell charcoal can be highly economically and environmentally valuable. The two most common uses are activated carbon briquettes, obtained through carbonization. However, traditional carbonization methods involving kilns produce excessive smoke, polluting the environment disrupting human activities. A kiln that produces less smoke is required to address this issue. ...

Hydrothermal carbonization process can transform wet bio-wastes into value-added products. This work aims to hybridize a concentrating solar technology and biomass reactor for the continuous sustainable valorization of biomass. The novel proposed integrates linear beam-down field with twin-screw HTC process. consists two reflections that concentrate linearly sun energy on ground, where is place...