A series of non-proteinogenic amino acids, most of them found quite commonly in the meteorites known as carbonaceous chondrites, were subjected to solid state radiolysis in vacuum to a total radiation dose of 3.2 MGy corresponding to 23% of the total dose expected to be taken by organic molecules buried in asteroids and meteorites since the beginning of the solar system 4.6 × 109 years ago. The...

In this paper a new and powerful computer simulation capability for the characterization of carbonaceous nanoparticle assemblies across multiple, connected scales, starting from the molecular scale is presented. The goal is to provide a computational infrastructure that can reveal through multi-scale computer simulation how chemistry can influence the structure and function of carbonaceous asse...

Introduction: Buchanan et al. [1] and Zolensky et al. [2] described carbonaceous chondrite fragments in a variety of howardites and concluded that the majority are CM2 and CR2 materials. Gounelle et al. [3] also described similar, but very small, fragments in these meteorites. These clasts are important because they represent materials that were in orbital proximity to the HED parent body (4 Ve...

A study of the possibilities of pyrolysis for recovering wastes of the rope’s industry has been carried out. The pyrolysis of this lignocellulosic residue started at 250 oC, with the main region of decomposition occurring at temperatures between 300 and 350 oC. As the reaction temperature increased, the yields of pyrolyzed gas and oil increased, yielding 22 wt.% of a carbonaceous residue, 50 wt...

Here we report the first membrane-free biofuel cell obtained by using threedimensional carbonaceous foam electrodes. We first developed a new synthetic pathway to produce a new carbonaceous foam electrode material bearing porosity both in the meso and macroporous scale. We proved that by increasing the porosity of our three-dimensional foams we could increase the current density of our modified...

A chronological sequence of urban soils 3-92 years old was studied to determine the effects of time on morphogenesis, artifact weathering, and the geochemical partitioning of Pb. Key chronofunctions determined are an increase in ˆA horizon Development Index (defined herein based on soil color) and water-soluble Pb, and a decrease in pH and C/N, with increasing soil age. Key artifact weathering ...

This study proposes a novel technique to synthesize functional carbonaceous three-dimensional (3-D) micro/nanocompounds from agricultural by-products using femtosecond laser irradiation. Biowastes of rice husk and wheat straw are value-engineered to carbonaceous structures in a single-step process under ambient conditions. Our results demonstrate that by controlling the laser fluence, structure...

Quantum-dots (QDs) have fuelled up intensive research efforts over the past two decades. Nevertheless, currently developed two classes of fluorescent QDs, colloidal semiconductor QDs and carbonaceous QDs suffer from either toxicity or short luminescence lifetime. Here, we report a new class of fluorescent bio-dots that are derived from DNA via self-assembly at low temperatures down to 80°C, whi...

The exogenous delivery of organic molecules could have played an important role in the emergence of life on the early Earth. Carbonaceous chondrites are known to contain indigenous amino acids as well as various organic compounds and complex macromolecular materials, such as the so-called insoluble organic matter (IOM), but the origins of the organic matter are still subject to debate. We repor...