As a new generation of working fluid, nanofluid has long been regarded as a hot research topic in the past three decades. Many review papers have provided comprehensive and systematic summaries on the development and state-of-the-art of nanofluids. As of today, it is becoming increasingly difficult to provide a comprehensive review of all kinds of nanofluids owing to the huge amounts of the rel...

The mechanism producing enhanced thermal conductivities of nanofluids has been the subject of much debate. The formation of aggregates allowing for percolation paths within the fluid has shown the most promise. This work studies the aggregate formation of a nanofluid and compares the results to earlier thermal conductivity measurements and Monte Carlo simulation results. Static light scattering...

Nanofluids are becoming increasingly popular as heat transfer fluids in a variety of industrial applications, due to their enhanced heat transfer characteristics. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids is usually found to be much larger than that predicted from the classical models, such as the Maxwell model. The key mechanism of enhancement of thermal conductivity of dilute nanofluids is the s...

This paper presents a numerical study of heat transfer to turbulent and laminar Cu/water flow over a backward-facing step. Mathematical model based on finite volume method with a FORTRAN code is used to solve the continuity, momentum, energy and turbulence equations. Turbulence was modeled by the shear stress transport (SST) K–x Model. In this simulation, three volume fractions of nanofluid (0%...

Articles you may be interested in Progressive structural and electronic properties of nano-structured carbon atomic chains Nanostructural interpretation for elastic softening of amorphous carbon induced by the incorporation of silicon and hydrogen atoms Comparative analysis of electronic structure and optical properties of crystalline and amorphous silicon nitrides Electron cyclotron resonance ...

The boundary layer flow of Cu-water based nanofluid with heat transfer over a stretching sheet is numerically studied. Second order velocity slip flow model is considered instead of no-slip at the boundary. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary one using similarity transformation, before being solved numerically. Numerical solutions of these equations are ob...

Effects of inclination angle on natural convection heat transfer and fluid flow in a two-dimensional enclosure filled with Cu-nanofluid has been analyzed numerically. The performance of nanofluids is tested inside an enclosure by taking into account the solid particle dispersion. The angle of inclination is used as a control parameter for flow and heat transfer. It was varied from = 0 to = 120 ...

The CFD simulation of heat transfer characteristics of a nanofluid in a circular tube under constant heat flux was considered using Fluent software (version 6.3.26) in the laminar flow. Al2O3 nanoparticles in water with concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% were used in this simulation. All of the thermo-physical properties of nanofluids were assumed to be temperature independent. Two...

In the present study, the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a nanofluid in an expanding or contracting porous channel with different permeabilities in presence of thermal radiation are investigated. Analytical solutions for the flow variables are obtained by employing homotopy analysis method (HAM). Maxwell-Garnetts and Brinkman models are considered to calculate the thermal conductivit...