The world we live in has witnessed some drastic environmental imbalance in recent times. These imbalances have threatened sustainable developmentwhich is the ultimate goal of man-environment relationship. This paper reviews the causes and effects of climate change on man and his environment with a view to using science education to solve the problems posed by climate change. Literature shows th...

Combustion of wildland fuels represents a major source of particulate matter (PM) and light-absorbing elemental carbon (EC) on a national and global scale, but the emission factors and source profiles have not been well characterized with respect to different fuels and combustion phases. These uncertainties limit the accuracy of current emission inventories, smoke forecasts, and source apportio...

BACKGROUND Since sugarcane areas have increased rapidly in Brazil, the contribution of the sugarcane production, and, especially, of the sugarcane harvest system to the greenhouse gas emissions of the country is an issue of national concern. Here we analyze some data characterizing various activities of two sugarcane mills during the harvest period of 2006-2007 and quantify the carbon footprint...

In this paper an Environmental Economic Dispatch (EED) problem is proposed to investigate the emission control. The current energy consumption is weighing heavily on fossil fuels which account for about 70-90% of total energy used. These fossil fuels produce harmful gaseous emissions such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) which cause hazardous effects in t...

Sustainable development of cities is highly connected with the pollution generated from industrial facilities and power plants. Both affect quality of air, weather, health and quality of life. The main goal of this paper is to determine the impact of selected weather parameters on the pollution from mentioned plants. From the research results, it can be concluded that sustainable urban developm...

The oxygen production of a photosynthetic gas exchanger containing Chlorella pyrenoidosa (1% packed cell volume) was measured when various concentrations of carbon dioxide were present within the culture unit. The internal carbon dioxide concentrations were obtained by manipulating the entrance gas concentration and the flow rate. Carbon dioxide percentages were monitored by means of electrodes...

Hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles present much of the same promise as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs): reduced reliance on imported oil and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Proponents envision hydrogen ICE as a bridging technology from gasoline vehicles to hydrogen FCVs. This paper examines the hydrogen ICE technology, focusing on relevant aspects such as power, fuel econom...

New materials capable of binding carbon dioxide are essential for addressing climate change. Here, we demonstrate that amyloids, self-assembling protein fibers, are effective for selective carbon dioxide capture. Solid-state NMR proves that amyloid fibers containing alkylamine groups reversibly bind carbon dioxide via carbamate formation. Thermodynamic and kinetic capture-and-release tests show...

A technology protocol to govern long-term international greenhouse gas emission reduction is proposed. The protocol consists of three parameters: a graduation income, below which countries have no emission reduction obligations; a convergence rate, at which emission intensities should approach that of the most carbon-extensive countries; and an acceleration rate, at the which the most carbon-ex...

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allows industrialized countries to comply with the Kyoto Protocol by using carbon offsets from developing countries. There are two puzzles within this carbon market: additionality (the proposed activity would not have occurred in its absence) and co-benefits (the project has other environmental benefits besides climate mitigation). This paper proposes an ec...