Previous work has shown that endothelial cell (EC)-derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) regulate regression of capillary tubes in vitro in a plasmin- and MMP-1 dependent manner. Here we report that a number of serine proteases can activate MMP-1 and cause capillary tube regression; namely plasma kallikrein, trypsin, neutrophil elastase, cathepsin G, tryptase and chymase. Plasma prekallikrei...

The effect of drainage front morphology on gaseous diffusion through partially saturated porous media is analyzed using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Flow regimes for immiscible displacement in porous media have been characterized as stable displacement, capillary fingering, and viscous fingering. The dominance of a flow regime is associated with the relative magnitudes of gravity, viscou...

This study examined flexible adjustments of skeletal muscle size, fiber structure, and capillarization in Inuit sled dogs responding to seasonal changes in temperature, exercise and food supply. Inuit dogs pull sleds in winter and are fed regularly throughout this working season. In summer, they remain chained to rocks without exercise, receiving food intermittently and often fasting for severa...

In this study, a grain-scale modelling technique has been developed to generate the capillary pressure-saturation curves for swelling granular materials. This model employs only basic granular properties such as particles size distribution, porosity, and the amount of absorbed water for swelling materials. Using this model, both drainage and imbibition curves are directly obtained by pore-scale...

In emphysema, the diaphragm shortens by losing sarcomeres. We hypothesized that unless capillaries undergo a similar shortening, capillary geometry must be altered. Without quantifying this geometry, capillary length and surface area per fiber volume, which are critical measurements of the structural potential for blood-tissue exchange, cannot be resolved. Five months after intratracheal elasta...

The evaluation of a free fluid surface in a porous medium has several mathematical applications that are important in industries using molds, particularly in the fluid injection process. The vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process is a promising technology in the primary composite industry. An accurate computational simulation of the VARTM process would be a cost-effective tool i...

OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of image registration and averaging on the visualization and quantification of the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS Twenty-two healthy controls were imaged with a commercial OCTA system (AngioVue, Optovue, Inc.). Ten 10x10° scans of the optic disc were obtained, and the most superficial lay...

We present a high-throughput capillary assay in order to characterize the chemotactic response of the E. coli bacterium. We measure the number of organisms attracted into an array of 96 capillary tubes containing the attractant L-aspartate. The effect of bacterial concentration on the chemotactic response is reported. Such high-throughput assay can be used to characterize bacterial chemotaxis f...

The classical Bretherton problem describes the propagation of gas fingers through liquid media in a narrow channel with thin liquid films between bubbles and channel walls. The bubble shape and flow patterns are complicated functions of the capillary number Ca and Reynolds number Re. Recently, we investigated the applicability and parameter selection for the two-dimensional Bretherton problem (...

a simple and rapid stability indicating method based on capillary zone electrophoresis has been developed and validated for the analysis of buserelin (bus). the best separations were achieved by using a bare fused silica capillary (75 m i.d.; 65.5 cm total, 57.0 cm effective length), phosphate buffer (ph = 3.00; 26.4 mm), at 35 °c. the sample was hydrodynamically injected at 50 mbar for 5 seco...