in this study, responses of four canola genotypes to salt stress in germination test and callus culture stages were investigated. the response of genotypes under salinity levels was significantly different. higher salinity resulted in less germination and growth of seedling. after callus culturing on liquid saline media, callus fresh weight and callus induction efficiency were significantly dif...

Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity was measured in extracts of soybean (Glycine max var. Acme) callus and of senescing barley leaves (Hordeum distichon c.v. Prior). The enzyme from soybean callus had Michaelis constants for adenine and 5-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate of 1.5 and 7.5 mum respectively and was inhibited by AMP and stimulated by ATP. The presence of kinetin was found to consi...

Functional screening of an Arabidopsis cDNA library enabled the identification of a novel cDNA, ESR1 (for Enhancer of Shoot Regeneration), that can confer cytokinin-independent shoot formation when overexpressed in Arabidopsis root explants. Neither callus induction nor root formation was affected by ESR1 overexpression. ESR1 encodes a putative transcription factor with an AP2/EREBP domain. Sur...

Agrobacteria mediated Coleus blumei tumour tissues were cultured in vitro on MS medium. Sixteen diversified transformed callus cultures were maintained for several years in the absence of plant growth regulators and antibiotics without affecting the growth rate. Rosmarinic acid was detected spectrophotometrically in all tissue lines but in different quantities. The highest rosmarinic acid accum...

Salvia milthiorrhiza root (Danshen) is one of the oldest and most traditional drug of chinese origin, mainly used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. the tanshiniones (diterpenoids) and phenolic acids are the main biological active substances of S. miltiorrhiza. the aim of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for callus cultures and biosynthesis of the...

A cryoselection protocol has been developed that provides freezing-tolerant callus that, in turn, can regenerate plants with enhanced cold hardiness. Tolerant calli were selected from spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) callus by immersion in liquid nitrogen without addition of cryoprotectants. Less than 15% of the calli survived the initial challenge, whereas 30 to 40% of previously selected c...

We are interested in the cellular physiological events taking place during shoot regeneration in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tainan 5) callus induced by osmotic stress. At first, the sucrose and starch metabolisms in rice callus were studied because carbohydrates are the main energy source in plant tissue culture. The results showed that fresh weight, water content, cellular water, and osmotic po...

This research work reports In vitro direct selection of salt-tolerant callus cultures and subsequent plant regeneration in two potato cultivars (Cardinal and Desiree). Results have shown more than 50% reduction in relative fresh callus mass in the two potato cultivars exposed to 120 mM NaCl. Callus morphology correspondingly changed from off-white to blackishbrown at 120 mM to acutely-necrotic ...

A high frequency shoot organogenesis and plant establishment protocol has been developed for Gerbera jamesonii from ex vitro leaf derived callus. The optimal callus was developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 4.0 mg L -naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Two callus types differing in their structures and growth rat...

Abstract Somatic embryogenesis, as a promising biotechnological tool for many conifer trees, has never been applied the Abies nebrodensis species. Although all encouraging results previously obtained by EU LIFE (European program) funded projects in over ten years, critically endangered Sicilian fir remains alarmingly close to extinction. In this study, we reported first protocol of somatic embr...