BACKGROUND High levels of serum phosphorus both at baseline and during follow-up are associated with increased mortality in dialysis patients, and administration of phosphate binders was independently associated with improved survival among hemodialysis population. Calcium-based phosphate binders are the most commonly used phosphate binders in developing countries for their relatively low costs...

The heterogeneous uptake and reactivity of formic acid (HCOOH), a common gas-phase organic acid found in the environment, on calcium carbonate (CaCO(3)) particles have been investigated using a Knudsen cell reactor, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR measurements show that the adsorption of formic acid on the surface of calcium carbonate ...

BACKGROUND Calcium is an essential mineral often taken as a daily, long-term nutritional supplement. Data suggests that once-daily dosing is important with regard to long-term compliance of both drugs and nutritional supplements. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to compare the bioavailability of a single serving of two calcium supplements in healthy, premenopausal women. DESIGN A two-per...

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is widely used in pharmaceutical industries and as a supplement in probiotics. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical properties of the CaCO3. The CaCO3 powder was divided into two parts and referred as control and treated. The control part was remained untreated, whereas treated part was subjected to T...

This work explores the effect of additives on the pouring temperature in a waterworks and industrial calcium fluoride sludge co-melting system. Two kinds of sludge were mixed in various ratios to find a mixing ratio at which the operating temperature for subsequent additive tests was relatively low. Various proportions of either sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) or potassium carbonate (K2CO3) reagent w...

A calcium carbonate suspension, encapsulated within particles of calcium alginate hydrogel, is proposed as a drug delivery device susceptible to ultrasound disruption. Spheres approximately 1mm in diameter were prepared by the coaxial airflow method from mixtures of 1% sodium alginate (m/v) and each of 50%, 75% and 100% calcium carbonate (m/v) in distilled water. This product was subjected to c...

nano-structured lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite, la0.6sr0.4co0.2fe0.8o3 (lscf), was successfully synthesized via co-precipitation method using metal nitrates as starting materials. effects of precipitating agent and calcination temperature on the phase composition and morphology of synthesized powders were systematically studied using x-ray diffraction (xrd) and field emission scanning elect...

INTRODUCTION Nanoparticles (NPs) are small entities that consist of a hydroxyapatite core, which can bind ions, proteins, and other organic molecules from the surrounding environment. These small conglomerations can influence environmental calcium levels and have the potential to modulate calcium homeostasis in vivo. Nanoparticles have been associated with various calcium-mediated disease proce...

objective: the study evaluated the efficacy of oral calcium carbonate supplement on leg pain in pregnancy and nursing period. materials and methods: a total number of 176 women at third trimester of pregnancy or nursing period till to one year after delivery with complaint of leg pain, low back pain (lbp), and posterior pelvic pain (ppp) were evaluated for distinct primary causes and were exclu...

BACKGROUND Lanthanum carbonate (FOSRENOL®) is an effective, well-tolerated phosphate binder. The ability of lanthanum to reduce serum phosphorus levels to ≤5.5 mg/dL in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) was assessed in a clinical practice setting. METHODS A 16-week, phase IV study enrolled 2763 patients at 223 US sites to evaluate the efficacy of lanthanum carbonate in controlling ...