The initial observation in 19981 that calcineurin, a calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, is capable of driving cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and death in experimental animal models received special attention for several reasons. Previous evidence suggested that dysregulation of calcium metabolism is an integral feature of stresses that promote hypertrophy, and calcineurin was known ...

Rationale: Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) is importantly implicated in pathological cardiac remod-eling and vascular lesion formation. NFAT functionality is mainly regulated by calcineurin, a Ca 2؉-dependent multi-effector phosphatase. Calcineurin inhibitors such as cyclosporine A (CsA) were shown to be effective in the treatment of restenosis and vascular inflammation but with adve...

A Candida glabrata calcineurin mutant exhibited increased susceptibility to both azole antifungal and cell wall-damaging agents and was also attenuated in virulence. Although a mutant lacking the downstream transcription factor Crz1 displayed a cell wall-associated phenotype intermediate to that of the calcineurin mutant and was modestly attenuated in virulence, it did not show increased azole ...

Stupka N, Schertzer JD, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN, Lynch GS. Calcineurin-A activation enhances the structure and function of regenerating muscles after myotoxic injury. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 293: R686–R694, 2007. First published May 2, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00612.2006.—Calcineurin signaling is essential for successful muscle regeneration. Although calcineurin inhibition compr...

Calcineurin dephosphorylates multiple serine residues near the N terminus of NFAT proteins enabling them to translocate from cytoplasm to nucleus, where they activate a subset of hypertrophic response genes. Transgenic mice over-expressing a constitutively active form of calcineurin or NFAT3, developed obviously hypertrophy and heart failure or sudden death proving its pathogenic role. Here we ...

buckwheat rutin has been found to be able to inhibit angiotensin ii (angii) - induced hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, but the mechanism remains uncertain. in this study, myocardial hypertrophy model was made by adding angii to the medium of cardiac myocytes of neonatal rats, meanwhile, different concentrations of buckwheat rutin were applied to observe their effects. intrac...

background and objective: artimisinin (an anti-malaria drug) is extracted from artemisia annua and its water soluble derivative is dihydroartimisinin. previous in vivo and in vitro studies showed that it has an inhibitory effect on t cells. it is also useful for immunosuppression of immune system. materials and methods: the stable state kinetic for comparison of inhibitory effect of artimisinin...

Calcineurin is a key protein phosphatase required for hyphal growth and virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus, making it an attractive antifungal target. However, currently available calcineurin inhibitors, FK506 and cyclosporine A, are immunosuppressive, limiting usage in the treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis. Therefore, the identification of endogenous inhibitors of calcineurin b...