objective: to evaluate the importance of cytokine type in embryo implantation in uterus specified and activated macrophages interfere the tube movements and embryo retention in uterine tubes by smooth muscle relaxation and disrupting ciliary function. therefore, increased risk of infection with hp during pregnancy, we investigated relation between helicobacter pylori (hp) infection and prevalen...

Infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains is associated with gastritis, ulcerations, and gastric cancer. CagA is translocated into infected epithelial cells by a type IV secretion system and can be tyrosine phosphorylated, inducing signal transduction and motogenic responses in epithelial cells. Cellular cholesterol, a vital component of the membrane, contributes to membrane dyna...

OBJECTIVE To detect the presence of virulence markers cytotoxin-associated (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin-associated (vacA) genes in gastric biopsy specimens of patients with gastroduodenal disorders. METHODS This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between March 2008 and February 2009. A total of 118 gastric b...

The Caulobacter crescentus che promoter region consists of two divergent promoters, directing expression of the major chemotaxis operon and a novel gene cagA (chemotaxis associated gene A). Analyses of start sites by primer extension and alignment of the divergent promoters revealed significant similarities between them at the -35 promoter region. Both mcpA and cagA are differentially expressed...

Infection by cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with gastric carcinomas and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. H. pylori translocates the bacterial protein CagA into gastric epithelial cells, and the translocated CagA deregulates intracellular signaling pathways and thereby initiates pathogenesis. This in turn raised the possibility tha...

BACKGROUND The development of clinically significant disease in South Africa is associated with the vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) s1 genotype but not with the presence of the cytotoxin associated gene cagA. cagA occurs in >95% of South African isolates and is a variable marker for the entire cag pathogenicity island (PAI). AIM To characterise the cagPAI in South African isolates and to in...

BACKGROUND Although the majority of evidence does not support association between Helicobacter pylori infection and ischaemic heart disease, the nature of this relationship may differ when virulence of the infecting strains are examined. METHODS AND RESULTS The prevalence of IgG antibody evidence of infection with CagA positive stains of H. pylori was investigated in stored plasma samples fro...

Infection with Helicobacter pylori strains harboring determinants of pathogenicity may lead to a strong inflammatory response in gastric mucosa. In this work, we examined the frequency of the cagA, vacA and iceA genotypes in H. pylori strains isolated from Brazilian patients and correlated these with the clinical manifestations. H. pylori was isolated from 165 patients [30 with non-ulcer dyspep...

Gastric cancer is a significant health problem in Asia. Although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is similar in Bhutan, Vietnam, and Myanmar, the incidence of gastric cancer is highest in Bhutan, followed by Vietnam and Myanmar. We hypothesized that H. pylori virulence factors contribute to the differences. The status of cagA, vacA, jhp0562, and β-(1,3)galT(jhp0563) was examined ...

Background: The major cause of peptic ulcer disease is helicobacter pylori (Hp), and it is also implicated in the pathogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the distal stomach and gastric lymphoma. The incidence of peptic ulcer disease, atrophic gastritis, and gastric adenocarcinoma are more common in people infected of cagA positive strains of Hp. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence o...