Genome-wide analysis of temporal gene expression profiles in Escherichia coli following exposure to cadmium revealed a shift to anaerobic metabolism and induction of several stress response systems. Disruption in the transcription of genes encoding ribosomal proteins and zinc-binding proteins may partially explain the molecular mechanisms of cadmium toxicity.

according to paracelsus (1493-1541) everything from this planet is poison, only the dose makes the poison to be harmless. even the essential elements for life support are toxic for all organisms in high amounts. mercury, cadmium, metalloid arsenic and lead were responsible for poisoning and death of many humans and life forms from this planet for centuries. cadmium forms different compounds tha...

The primary olfactory sensory system is part of the PNS that develops from ectodermal placodes. Several cell types, including sensory neurons and support cells, differentiate within the olfactory placode to form the mature olfactory organ. The olfactory placodes are thought to arise from lateral regions of the anterior neural plate, which separate from the plate through differential cell moveme...

The present study provides a direct experimental evidence that the combination of influenza A/ Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) infection with different models of ‘‘oxidative stress’’, such as immobilization, cold and cold-restraint, is associated with graduated oxidative disturbances in the liver of mice, despite the absence of virus and inflammation in this tissue. It was found that experimental influenza v...

Although most animals with scrotal testes are susceptible to cadmium-induced testicular toxicity, strain-related differences are seen in mice. Resistant murine strains demonstrate a decreased cadmium concentration in the testis and also in the epididymis and seminal vesicle. In this study we analyzed cadmium transport into tissues with a vascular barrier, the testis, epididymis, and brain, in a...

The effects of progressive cachexia on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle has been investigated in mice bearing the MAC 16 adenocarcinoma which produces cachexia with tumour burdens of <1% of the host weight. Weight loss was accompanied by loss of whole body nitrogen in proportion to the overall loss of body mass. Using L-[4-3H]phenylalanine to label proteins in gastrocnemious muscle, a sign...

Since there are a plethora of studies on cadmium toxicity and poisoning in laboratory animals and humans, we have limited this review to studies that are relevant to human health issues by focusing on carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, circulatory disease, nephrotoxicity and life expectancy. Cadmium exposure has been established to induce cancer in various tissues of laboratory animals. Contrary to...

Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Our study was to investigate whether lncRNAs as novel expression signatures are able to modulate DNA damage and repair in cadmium(Cd) toxicity. There were aberrant expression profiles of lncRNAs in 35th Cd-induced cells as compared to untreated 16HBE cell...

abstract cadmium is one of the heavy metals with a considerable importance for its potential toxic effects on soil microbial activities and composition. although, the toxic effect of cadmium on soil microbial activities is somewhat well-known, but the extent to which cd affects soil biota depends largely on soil properties and conditions, particularly soil organic matter contents. thus, the aim...