Tibial anatomical landmarks for transverse plane rotation of the tibial tray have not been validated. The current authors propose aligning the tibial tray with both the anterior tibial center point of rotation (ATCPR) and the femoral trochlear groove (FTG) to establish the ideal tibial tray rotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). When the tibial tray centerline was aligned with ATCPR and FTG...

Understanding muscle architecture of the foot may assist in the design of surgical procedures such as tendon transfer, biomechanical modeling of the foot, prosthesis design, and analysis of foot function. Flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) is the most superficial intrinsic muscle of the sole of the foot. When compared to the little finger, the little toe has less function and opposition is absent in...

The kidneys are one of the vital organs in the human body. It receives rich blood supply, nearly 25% of the cardiac output pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. These are end arteries with no anastomosis. Variations in the number and arrangement of the renal vessels are extremely common. The so called aberrant or accessory arteries are in fact, normal segmental arteries...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT The intervertebral disc is a common source of low back pain (LBP). Prospective studies suggest that treatments that intermittently distract the disc might be beneficial for chronic LBP. Although the potential exists for distraction therapies to affect the disc biomechanically, their effect on intradiscal stress is debated. PURPOSE To determine if distraction alone, distract...

The objective of this study was to measure intradiscal pressure (IDP) changes in the lower cervical spine during a manual cervical distraction (MCD) procedure. Incisions were made anteriorly, and pressure transducers were inserted into each nucleus at lower cervical discs. Four skilled doctors of chiropractic (DCs) performed MCD procedure on nine specimens in prone position with contacts at C5 ...

INTRODUCTION In various motion pictures, medical TV shows and internet chatrooms, non-medical devices were presented as tools for life-saving cricothyroidotomies. However, there is uncertainty about whether it is possible for a bystander to perform a cricothyroidotomy and maintain gas exchange using improvised household items. This study examines the ability of bystanders to carry out an emerge...

An abnormal communication between an artery and a vein is known as arteriovenous malformation (AVM) or arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The AVM or the AVF might be congenital in origin or even acquired. The arteriovenous communications are usually surgically made in patients undergoing repeated hemodialysis, while suffering from any chronic renal disease. The abnormal arteriovenous communications m...

Appendicular mucoceles are rare clinical findings characterized by dilation and distention of the appendicular lumen by the accumulation of mucus. Their discovery is often incidental from abdominal imaging or more commonly as a secondary surgical finding. In this case study we report the first known recorded case of a cadaveric mucocele appendix discovered during routine dissection of the gastr...