The paper examines the effect of inflation on the growth rate in economies with underground, or ”non-market”, sectors. The model incorporates a non-market good into an endogenous growth cash-inadvance economy with human capital. Taxes on labor and capital induce substitution into the non-market sector which avoids such taxes. However the non-market sector uses only cash for exchange and cannot ...

Phage integrases are required for recombination of the phage genome with the host chromosome either to establish or exit from the lysogenic state. C31 integrase is a member of the serine recombinase family of site-specific recombinases. In the absence of any accessory factors integrase is unidirectional, catalysing the integration reaction between the phage and host attachment sites, attP x att...

Previously, we published a method for creating a novel DNA substrate, the double Holliday junction substrate. This substrate contains two Holliday junctions that are mobile, topologically constrained and separated by a distance comparable with conversion tract lengths. Although useful for studying late stage homologous recombination in vitro, construction of the substrate requires significant e...

Highly cracked and isomerized archaeal lipids and bacterial lipids, structurally changed by thermal stress, are present in solvent extracts of 2,707- to 2,685-million-year-old (Ma) metasedimentary rocks from Timmins, ON, Canada. These lipids appear in conventional gas chromatograms as unresolved complex mixtures and include cyclic and acyclic biphytanes, C36-C39 derivatives of the biphytanes, a...

After proposing a simple theoretical framework to illustrate the importance of third-country e ects in empirical studies of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis, we test the model using statelevel panel data on inbound US FDI and relative abatement costs. Our analysis reveals that while own state attributes rarely have statistically signi cant e ects on own inbound FDI when aggregated over all manufa...

Using a system of structural equations, this paper empirically examines the relationship of residential neighborhood type to travel behavior, incorporating attitudinal, lifestyle, and demographic variables. Data on these variables were collected from residents of five neighborhoods in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1993 (final N 1⁄4 515), including ‘‘traditional’’ and ‘‘suburban’’ as well as mix...

This paper discusses the issue of perceptions and their influence on economic processes focusing on corruption perception. The higher the perceived corruption in an organization is, the more probable it is that a person dealing with that organization would offer a bribe, thus supporting corruption. Since corruption perceptions are rarely based on actual experience, they might describe reality i...

Is There Rent Sharing In Developing Countries? Matched-Panel Evidence from Brazil We provide evidence about the determinants of the wage structures of developing countries by examining the case of Brazil. Our specific question is whether Brazil’s dramatic income and wage differentials can be explained by the division of rents between firms and their employees, unlike in competitive labour marke...

Article history: Received 10 October 2014 Received in revised form 2 September 2015 Accepted 3 September 2015 Available online 8 September 2015 This study examines the effects of stock liquidity on firm value and corporate governance using the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) setting. The unique features of the REIT industry, including homogeneity of the investment structures, the high payou...

almost all countries have faced the urbanization. in the long run, changes in the production technology have caused migration from rural to urban areas. existing cities have grown and new ones have been created. this is named as “urban development” in the urban literature. cites are created because of economies of scale in production and consumption. there are different cities with different si...