Previous studies on the physiological aspects of violacein biosynthesis (DeMoss and Evans, 1959) suggested that only L-tryptophan would serve as the primary source of carbon for pigment formation by Chromobacterium violaceum. In view of the pigment structure suggested by Ballantine et al. (1958), 5-[3-(5-hydroxyindolyl)]-3-(3-isatinyl)-2-pyrrolone, it seemed advisable to determine the actual so...

BACKGROUND Metabolic profiles have been shown to be associated to obesity status and insulin sensitivity. Dietary intakes influence metabolic pathways and therefore, different dietary patterns may relate to modifications in metabolic signatures. The objective was to verify associations between dietary patterns and metabolic profiles composed of amino acids (AAs) and acylcarnitines (ACs). METH...

Vibrio fischeri, a bioluminescent marine bacterium, exists in an exclusive symbiotic relationship with the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, whose light organ it colonizes. Previously, it has been shown that the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or free lipid A of V. fischeri can trigger morphological changes in the juvenile squid's light organ that occur upon colonization. To investigate the s...

The epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) is a key transporter participating in the fine tuning of Na(+) reabsorption in the nephron. ENaC activity is acutely upregulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). It was also proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a stimulatory effect on ENaC. Here we studied whether effects of EGF, insulin, and IGF...

N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) act as quorum sensing signals that regulate cell-density dependent behaviors in many gram-negative bacteria, in particular those important for plant-microbe interactions. AHLs can also be recognized by plants, and this may influence their interactions with bacteria. Here we tested whether the exposure to AHLs affects the nodule-forming symbiosis between legume ...

Detecting genes associated with milk fat composition could provide valuable insights into the complex genetic networks of genes underling variation in fatty acids synthesis and point towards opportunities for changing milk fat composition via selective breeding. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 22 milk fatty acids in 784 Chinese Holstein cows with the PLINK...

He postulated that tyrosine (I) is decarboxylated to tyramine (II) which through a stepwise methylation forms N-methyltyramine (III) and subsequently hordenine (IV). Attempts to verify this postulated reaction sequence have been partially successful. Leete, Kirkwood and Marion (10) administered tyramine-2-C14 to sprouting barley and isolated radioactive hordenine and N-methyltyramine from the r...

This work is devoted to study the effects of Einstein-Æther gravity on dynamics magnetized particles orbiting a static, spherically symmetric and uncharged black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field both comoving proper observers frames. The analysis carried out by varying free parameters c13 c14 theory noticing their impacts particle trajectories, radii innermost ...