Bacterial pneumonia remains a serious disease and is associated with neutrophil recruitment. Innate immunity is pivotal for the elimination of bacteria, and TLRs are essential in this process. Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta (TRIF) is an adaptor for TLR3 and TLR4, and is associated with the MyD88-independent cascade. However, the importance of TRIF in immune responses aga...

Outbreaks associated with leafy greens have focused attention on the transfer of human pathogens to these commodities during harvest with commercial equipment. Attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on new or rusty spinach harvester blades immersed in spinach extract or 10% tryptic soy broth (TSB) was investigated. Bacteriophages specific for E. coli O157:H7 were evaluated to kill cells attache...

Rectal swabs (feacal) samples were collected from 518 sheep across Sokoto state and processed for Campylobacter organisms. Of a total of 518 samples, 93(18.0%) yielded Campylobacter organisms. The Campylobacter species isolated in this study were Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter upsaliensis. The most frequently isolated Campylobacter species was C. ...

The antibacterial activity of a series of ionic liquids containing short-chained 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations ([Cnmim+]; n = 2, 4, 6 and 8) and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anion ([Tf2N]) against E. coli and B. subtilis was measured, for the first time. All ILs used in this work were synthesized and analyzed by Fourier transform i...

Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by dysregulation of immune response towards systemic infection with high incidence and mortality rate. Innovative breakthrough required to manage sepsis especially extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) induced sepsis. Utilization Piper betle extract could be considered as alternative therapy should proven scientificall...

We studied the expression of human growth hormone (hGH) in E. coli under a bacteriophage T5-base promoter in a pQE30 expression vector. For an efficient expression of hGH cDNA, a number of codons at the hGH N-terminal coding region were altered based on the E. coli major codons. An over-expression of hGH in the bacteria, carrying the recombinant plasmids, was observed at 37°C in the presence of...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of nitrite test in comparison with urine culture (U/C) results in patients with Urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 203 patients with UTI symptoms. Middle urine sample was taken into sterile plastic containers, and simultaneously the urine sample and the nitrite...

Water samples were taken systematically from a 100-km2 area of mainly dairy farmland in northwestern England and examined for Campylobacter spp. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PFGE-RFLP) and flaA strain typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates were done. Data on the water source and the adjacent environment were recorded and exam...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of acid adaptation conditions on heat resistance of E. coli O157: H7 932. E. coli O157: H7 was adapted to acid by exposing the cells to pH 4.5 (2h), pH 5.0 (1 h), and pH 5.5 (1 h) in tryptic soy broth. D and z values of the acid adapted and control cultures at 54 degrees C, 56 degrees C, and 58 degrees C were determined in E buffer. The he...