Sarcasm transforms the polarity of an apparently positive or negative utterance into its opposite. We report on a method for constructing a corpus of sarcastic Twitter messages in which determination of the sarcasm of each message has been made by its author. We use this reliable corpus to compare sarcastic utterances in Twitter to utterances that express positive or negative attitudes without ...

Worms cause correlated failure of many systems in a short span of time. Therefore, automated defensive approaches have been proposed to counter growth of worms. However, in addition to worms, many other kinds of cyber-attacks also exhibit significant correlation, albeit with slightly different properties. We argue that those specific correlation properties manifest because of the interaction be...

Symmetry of information establishes a relation between the information that x has about y (denoted I(x : y)) and the information that y has about x (denoted I(y : x)). In classical information theory, the two are exactly equal, but in algorithmical information theory, there is a small excess quantity of information that differentiates the two terms, caused by the necessity of packaging informat...

In this issue of Blood, Pidala et al add a missing piece of information on the impact of amino acid substitutions (AASs) at specific peptide positions of class I antigens.

Aspects of March and Simon’s (1958) subjective expected utility model and a prediction of Lee and Mitchell’s (1994) unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover were tested. A policy capturing simulation that varied high, moderate, and low levels of five job characteristics was used to model voluntary turnover decision processes for 532 nurses. Survey measures of these job characteristics obt...

Economic aspects of information security are of growing interest for researchers as well as for decision makers in IT-depending companies. From a business perspective cost-benefit-justifications for information security investments are in the focus. While previous research has mostly focused on economic models for security investments or on how to quantify the benefits of information security t...

The story of the widow’s oˆering as found in Mark 12:41–44 has long provided the Church with an example of humble devotion to the Lord. Further, it speaks to the people of God about the true nature of giving. Calvin considered this account as providing “a highly useful doctrine, that whatever men oˆer to God ought to be estimated not by its apparent value, but only by the feeling of the heart, ...

We consider the model introduced by Bilu and Linial [12], who study problems for which the optimal clustering does not change when distances are perturbed. They show that even when a problem is NP-hard, it is sometimes possible to obtain efficient algorithms for instances resilient to certain multiplicative perturbations, e.g. on the order of O( √ n) for max-cut clustering. Awasthi et al. [6] c...

BACKGROUND Given the prominence of Cheap Whites in illicit tobacco discussions, we examined various definitions, market presence, brand proliferation, manufacturers, production locations, trademark ownership, prices and compliance with tax stamp and warning labels. METHODS Data from peer-reviewed and grey literature, newspapers, trademark registries, governments/international organisation rep...