Budding yeast possesses one myosin-II, Myo1p, whereas fission yeast has two, Myo2p and Myp2p, all of which contribute to cytokinesis. We find that chimeras consisting of Myo2p or Myp2p motor domains fused to the tail of Myo1p are fully functional in supporting budding yeast cytokinesis. Remarkably, the tail alone of budding yeast Myo1p localizes to the contractile ring, supporting both its cons...

Recently proposed budding tree is a decision tree algorithm in which every node is part internal node and part leaf. This allows representing every decision tree in a continuous parameter space, and therefore a budding tree can be jointly trained with backpropagation, like a neural network. Even though this continuity allows it to be used in hierarchical representation learning, the learned rep...

Tumor budding is a histological phenomenon encountered in various cancers, whereby individual malignant cells and/or small clusters of malignant cells are seen in the tumor stroma. Postulated to be mirror epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor budding has been associated with poor cancer outcomes. However, the vast heterogeneity in its exact definition, methodology of assessment, and patient ...

Like other enveloped viruses, HIV-1 uses cellular machinery to bud from infected cells. We now show that Tsg101 protein, which functions in vacuolar protein sorting (Vps), is required for HIV-1 budding. The UEV domain of Tsg101 binds to an essential tetrapeptide (PTAP) motif within the p6 domain of the structural Gag protein and also to ubiquitin. Depletion of cellular Tsg101 by small interferi...

We describe, in a system whose uniqueness is that the presence of pores allows the volume to vary as budding proceeds, how phase separation on the surface of spheres extrudes material in the process called "budding". The system is giant phospholipid vesicles (GUVs) containing phase-separated regions of DOPC (soft, liquid) and DPPC (stiff, gel), with cholesterol and without it. Budding is trigge...

Asymmetric cell division is critical for generating cell diversity in low eukaryotic organisms. We previously have reported that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) induced by cobalt chloride demonstrate the ability to use an evolutionarily conserved process for renewal and fast reproduction, which is normally confined to simpler organisms. The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which re...

The process of crypt formation and the roles of Wnt and cell-cell adhesion signaling in cryptogenesis are not well described; but are important to the understanding of both normal and cancer colon crypt biology. A quantitative 3D-microscopy and image analysis technique is used to study the frequency, morphology and molecular topography associated with crypt formation. Measurements along the col...

JCB • VOLUME 170 • NUMBER 7 • 2005 1016 New bend on budding OPII vesicles form from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Now, Marcus Lee, Randy Schekman (University of California, Berkeley), and Lelio Orci (University of Geneva, Switzerland) find that insertion of the amphipathic helix of the Sar1 GTPase causes membrane deformation that initiates, and eventually ends, this vesicle formation process....

The ts3 temperature-sensitive mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus has been reported to have a morphogenetic block in a late stage of the budding process. As evidence, previously published electron micrographs of cells maintained at the nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees C) revealed numerous budding virions on the cell surface. However, it appears now that these micrographs reflected budd...

In electron microscopic observation of a liver biopsy obtained from a hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patient, noncoated core particles were occasionally seen budding into the hepatocytic cisterni and many Dane particles were found in the pericanalicular vesicles of hepatocytes. Noncoated core particles were also localized in clusters within the bleb of microvilli. There were some core par...