BACKGROUND The determination of human skin thickness has been achieved through various methods, both in vivo and in vitro. Ultrasound and histometric analyses have been the most commonly used. However, absolute values of epidermal and dermal thicknesses have demonstrated variability among the different modalities, leaving questions regarding the ability to standardize or compare results of diff...

OBJECTIVE Infrared (IR) irradiation specialized with wavelengths and contact cooling increases the amount of water in the dermis to protect the subcutaneous tissues against IR damage; thus, it is applied to smooth forehead wrinkles. However, this treatment consistently induces brow ptosis. Therefore, we investigated whether IR irradiation induces muscle thinning. METHODS Rat central back tiss...

Most automatic expression analysis systems attempt to recognize a small set of prototypic expressions (e.g. happiness and anger). Such prototypic expressions, however, occur infrequently. Human emotions and intentions are communicated more often by changes in one or two discrete facial features. In this paper, we develop an automatic system to analyze subtle changes in facial expressions based ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the mean change in interpalpebral fissure height and marginal reflex distance after brow suspension with autogenous fascia lata sling in patients of ptosis. METHODS This was a Quasi experimental study conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Hospital, King Edwards Medical University Lahore, from Jan 2013 to June 2016. Included were the patients who had unilateral or ...

The ability to judge others' emotions is required for the establishment and maintenance of smooth interactions in a community. Several lines of evidence suggest that the attribution of meaning to a face is influenced by the facial actions produced by an observer during the observation of a face. However, empirical studies testing causal relationships between observers' facial actions and emotio...