Large, high-severity wildfires remove vegetation cover and expose mineral soil, ofen causing erosion and runoff during postfire rain events to increase dramatically. Land-management agencies in the United States are required to assess site conditions after wildfire and, where necessary, implement emergency watershed rehabilitation measures to help stabilize soil; control movement of water, sedi...

Infocrop, a generic crop growth model was used to simulate the effect of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) damage on winter wheat at Fort Collins and Akron, Colorado state, USA,. Observed and simulated yield reductions in four experiments over a period of two years were found to be closely related (R = 0.85). The aphid damage mechanisms coupled to the crop growth model could thus...

Broom snakeweed (snakeweed) is an aggressive native range-weed found throughout arid and semiarid areas of the western United States, that increases following disturbances such as overgrazing, drought, or wildfire. Ecologically based strategies that include controlling snakeweed and reestablishing desirable herbaceous species are needed to restore productivity and diversity to invaded areas. Th...

Piñon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees are reduced to restore native vegetation and avoid severe fires where they have expanded into sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) communities. However, what phase of tree infilling should treatments target to retain desirable understory cover and avoid weed dominance? Prescribed fire and tree felling were applied to 8–20-ha treatment plot...

Broadleaf herbicides are commonly used to suppress exotic weeds with the intent of releasing native species from negative impacts of invasion. However, weed control measures can also have unintended consequences that should be considered along with intended effects. We conducted a controlled field experiment within bunchgrass communities of western Montana to examine if broadcast application of...

Increased yields with conservation tillage have been attributed to the conservation of soil water (Rao and Sustainable cropping systems are essential for agronomic, ecoDao, 1996; Papendick and Miller, 1977) due to decreased nomic, and environmental reasons. Data from a winter wheat (Tritievaporation and cooler soil temperatures (Gauer et al., cum aestivum L.)/summer fallow rotation experiment, ...

silvicultural operation need to notice the plant species diversity in forest. to this study gomarlang district in marivan region, northern zagros forest was selected. selected 100 ha area because have similar physiography condition (north aspect and 1650 to 1800 m s.a.l. in study area 100 micro plots of 5m by 5 m (25 m2) including the species and the numbers of this species randomized-systemati...

Abstract Land managers in western North America often reverse succession by removing pinyon ( Pinus spp.) and juniper Juniperus trees to reduce fire risk increase forage for wildlife livestock. Because prescribed carries inherent risks, mechanical methods such as chaining, roller‐chopping, mastication are used. Mechanical differ cost the size of woody debris produced, may differentially impact ...