Premise Seed cones of extant Pinaceae exhibit two mechanisms seed release. In “flexers” the cone scales remain attached to central axis, while flexing and separating from each other release seeds. “shedders” are shed with seeds either remaining scale or becoming detached. The early fossil history Jurassic Early Cretaceous is dominated by cones, systematic information provided shedding has been ...

A new species, Chara lipkinii, was described based on specimens from the Mediterranean, Israel. Dioecy, 10-13 branchlets in a whorl, complete tylacanthous to isostichous displostichous axial cortex with very short solitary spine cells, hardly visible diplostephanous bistipulate obtuse stipulodes, frequently appearing as haplostephanous, combination completely ecorticate without initials and 1-3...

Bacterial contamination of various parts of the cotton plant and of cotton from different mills was investigated. The predominant bacterial species were Gram-negative rods mainly of the Enterobacter genus. When guinea pigs inhaled strains of these bacteria cultivated from cotton, a strong leucocyte mobilising capacity was found for Pseudomonas and Enterobacter but not for Agrobacterium or Bacil...

The objective of this study was to identify the specific weeks and night lengths when poinsettia ( Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) flowering is most sensitive high temperatures. One experiment conducted in greenhouses under natural daylength (ND) conditions at lat. 34.7°N starting on 4 Sep, a second growth chambers with an initial length (NL) 11 hours 01 minutes that increased by 2 mi...

High grain water content at harvest stage is the main limiting factor for realizing mechanized maize in China. Under background of yield gain by density increase, it necessary to clarify effect planting increase on dehydration characteristics, which would provide theoretical support under high conditions. Therefore, this study selects five hybrids, ZD2, DY13, YD13, XY335, and DH618, released di...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In spite of recent phylogenetic analyses for the Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae complex, some morphological characters are not unambiguously interpreted, which raises homology questions. Therefore, ontogenetic investigations, emphasizing on 'bracteoles' in Atripliceae and flowers in Chenopodioideae, were conducted. This first paper presents original ontogenetic observations in...