Results One patient with subclavian artery aneurysm underwent resection of the aneurysm and subclavian-axillary bypass surgery with brachial embolectomy using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft; whereas the other patient underwent resection of the aneurysm and subclavian-axillary bypass surgery with saphenous vein graft. In addition to resection of the aneurysm, three out of 6 patients with...

Brachial plexus injury is an unusual and under-recognised complication of coronary artery bypass grafting especially when internal mammary artery harvesting takes place. It is believed to be due to sternal retraction resulting in compression of the brachial plexus. Although the majority of cases are transient, there are cases where the injury is permanent and may have severe implications as ill...

A vessel connecting the axillary or brachial artery to one of the forearm arteries was found in a 65 year old male cadaver, during the gross anatomy dissection of the upper extremity of 20 adult cadavers at the Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Medical Center. The right radial artery originated from the brachial artery nearly at the usual level and was conne...

Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathies such as retinopathy and nephropathy as well as macrovascular diseases. The aim of the current study was to determine whether endothelial function in the retinal and renal arteries is impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the effects of an intravenous infusion of L-arginine and a sublingual ...

Variations in the arterial pattern of the upper limb are frequently encountered during dissection of the human body. However, multiple variations in one limb are infrequently encountered. Dissection of the left amputated upper limb, 15 cm above the intercondyler line, of a female cadaver revealed the following variations. 1. The superficial brachial artery descends behind the bicepital apneuros...

Lesions of the axillary artery and consequent compression of the brachial plexus are extremely rare in patients with glenohumeral dislocation and may have greatly varying clinical manifestations. This joint is one of the most affected by dislocation in the human body, accounting for approximately 45% of cases. Less than 1% of patients with shoulder dislocation have vascular complications; howev...

Background. The effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle on endothelial function (EF) have only been examined separately. The relative contributions of these behaviours on EF have therefore not been compared. Purpose. To compare the relative associations between these four risk factors and brachial artery reactivity in the same sample. Methods. 328 patients re...

This case describes the diagnostic testing and management of an acute thrombosis of the brachial artery in a female neonate. On day seven of life, clinical signs of acutely decreased peripheral perfusion indicated an occlusion of the brachial artery, which was confirmed by high-resolution Doppler ultrasound. Imaging also showed early stages of collateralization so that surgical treatment option...

Brachial plexuses of 110 healthy volunteers were examined using high resolution color Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasonic characteristics and anatomic variation in the intervertebral foramen, interscalene, supraclavicular and infraclavicular, as well as the axillary brachial plexus were investigated. Results confirmed that the normal brachial plexus on cross section exhibited round or elliptic hypoe...

Introduction The median nerve is formed by the two roots of the brachial plexus the lateral root from the lateral cord and the medial root from the medial cord. The medial cord crosses the third part of the axillary artery and joins with the lateral root to form the median nerve lateral to the artery. The median nerve crosses the brachial artery in the middle of the arm from lateral to medial s...