Bone Joint Res 2015;4:23–8. Received 23 October 2014; Accepted 17 December 2014 Objectives This study tests the biomechanical properties of adjacent locked plate constructs in a femur model using Sawbones. Previous studies have described biomechanical behaviour related to inter-device distances. We hypothesise that a smaller lateral inter-plate distance will result in a biomechanically stronger...

Axial x-ray microcomputed tomography is a cost-effective technique with the potential to assess bone mineral density (mg/cc) in both cortical and cancellous bone in Single Comb White Leghorn hens. The technique requires little sample preparation and involves relatively simple data processing. The system described in this research is based on compact fan-beam type tomography, using a tungsten-an...

Augmentation of implants with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement in osteoporotic fractures is a promising approach to increase implant purchase. Side effects of PMMA for the metaphyseal bone, particularly for the adjacent subchondral bone plate and joint cartilage, have not yet been studied. The following experimental study investigates whether subchondral PMMA injection compromises the ...

Genomic actions induced by 1alpha25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)] are crucial for normal bone metabolism, mainly because they regulate active intestinal calcium transport. To evaluate whether the vitamin D receptor (VDR) has a specific role in growth-plate development and endochondral bone formation, we investigated mice with conditional inactivation of VDR in chondrocytes. Growth-pla...

The majority of the skeleton arises by endochondral ossification, whereby cartilaginous templates expand and are resorbed by osteoclasts then replaced by osteoblastic bone formation. Ephrin B2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by osteoblasts and growth plate chondrocytes that promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast formation. We investigated the role of ephrin B2 in en...

The edentulous mandible fractures are rare representing less then 5% in the majority of series. Their treatment represents nevertheless a challenge. The bone atrophy that happens in this situation is related with the higher incidence of treatment complications demanding some special attention to the therapeutic options. In contrast with the dentulous mandibles, tension and compression zones are...

Long bone development depends on endochondral bone formation, a complex process requiring exquisite balance between hypertrophic cartilage (HC) formation and its ossification. Dysregulation of this process may result in skeletal dysplasias and heterotopic ossification. Endochondral ossification requires the precise orchestration of HC vascularization, extracellular matrix remodeling, and the re...

Dexamethasone (Dexa) is a widely used glucocorticoid to treat inflammatory diseases; however, a multitude of undesired effects have been reported to arise from this treatment including osteoporosis, obesity, and in children decreased longitudinal bone growth. We and others have previously shown that glucocorticoids induce apoptosis in growth plate chondrocytes. Here, we hypothesized that Bax, a...

A study of eight different internal fixation techniques of a fracture of the distal humerus is presented with four configurations of double or 3-plate osteosynthesis, using conventional 3.5mm and locked 3.5-mm reconstruction plates. Dorsal (groups 1 and 3), 90° (groups 2 and 4), sagittal (groups 5 and 7) and 3-plate (groups 6 and 8) configurations were studied for elastomechanical properties of...

Current bone repair implants for use within the body are made from metals [1, 2], which have disadvantages such as stress shielding and can remain in the body permanently. In addition, a fractured bone fixated with a metal plate may re-fracture upon removal of the implant [3].This is due to the fact that bone does not carry sufficient load during the healing process. Recently, a move towards de...