PURPOSE Provisional cements are commonly used to facilitate retrievability of cement-retained fixed implant restorations. While the functional life spans of these cements are unpredictable, the relative retentiveness of various permanent and provisional cements between dental alloys and titanium abutments is not well documented. The aim of this study was to compare the uniaxial resistance force...

Composites of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) of varied functionality (unfunctionalised and carboxyl and amine functionalised) with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were prepared for use as a bone cement. The MWCNT loadings ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 wt.%. The fatigue properties of these MWCNT-PMMA bone cements were characterised at MWCNT loading levels of 0.1 and 0.25 wt.% with the type and wt...

Current injectable calcium phosphate bone cements (CPC) encounter the problems of low strength, high brittleness, and low cohesion in aqueous environment, which greatly hinder their clinical applications for loading-bearing bone substitution and minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries. Here, a strategy of using gelatinized starches to reinforce injectable CPC was investigated. Four types of sta...

Porosity and interconnectivity are important properties of calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) and bone-replacement materials. Porosity of CPCs can be achieved by adding polymeric biodegradable pore-generating particles (porogens), which can add porosity to the CPC and can also be used as a drug-delivery system. Porosity affects the mechanical properties of CPCs, and hence is of relevance for clin...

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of two conventional cements (Zinc Cement and Ketac Cem Easymix), one resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RelyX Luting 2) and six resin cements (Multilink, Bistite II DC, RelyX ARC, Fill Magic Dual Cement, Enforce and Panavia F) by digitization of images. Methods. Five disc-shaped specimens (10 × 1.0 mm) were made for each materia...

In nature, organic matrix macromolecules play a critical role in enhancing the mechanical properties of biomineralized composites such as bone and teeth. Designing artificial matrix analogues is promising but challenging because relatively little is known about how natural matrix components function. Therefore, in lieu of using natural components, we created biomimetic matrices using geneticall...

BACKGROUND Around about 1970, a gentamicin-loaded poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement brand (Refobacin Palacos R) was introduced to control infection in joint arthroplasties. In 2005, this brand was replaced by two gentamicin-loaded follow-up brands, Refobacin Bone Cement R and Palacos R + G. In addition, another gentamicin-loaded cement brand, SmartSet GHV, was introduced in Europe in...

The first use of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a dental device was for the fabrication of complete denture bases. Its qualities of biocompatibility, reliability, relative ease of manipulation, and low toxicity were soon seized upon and incorporated by many different medical specialties. PMMA has been used for (a) bone cements; (b) contact and intraocular lens; (c) screw fixation in bone; (d...

The incidence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) increases gradually with age, resulting in different degrees pain for patients, even possible neurological damage and deformity, which can seriously affect their quality life. Vertebral augmentation plays an important role the surgical treatment OVCFs. As most widely used bone cement material, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) o...