Dunne, NJ, Daly, C, Beverland, D Queens University of Belfast, Belf Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast Introduction It has been shown that acrylic bone cement is weakened by its porosity, which enhances the formation of microcracks that contribute to major crack propagation . It has also been observed, that mixing procedures play a significant role in determining the quality of bone cement produce...

Introduction: Poly(methyl methacrylate), or PMMA bone cement has been a critical material in total joint replacement for over four decades. Modifications used to improve the standard polymer powder/methacrylate monomer system have included the addition of fiber reinforcing phases, bioactive ceramics, antibiotic agents, etc. The microstructural phases in PMMA bone cement can affect its fracture ...

Background. The reconstruction of femoral shaft defects after tumor resection involves joining healthy bone fragments with plates or intramedullary rods, using methyl metacrylate cement or bone grafts. Material and methods. 50 patients (35 females and 15 males) were operated over the last 24 years. The patients' ages ranged from 12 to 80 years (mean 56). Results. There were 37 bone metastases, ...

Resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip is being used increasingly as an alternative to total hip replacement, especially for young active patients. There is concern about necrosis of the femoral head after resurfacing which can result in fracture and loosening. Most systems use a cemented femoral component, with the potential for thermal necrosis of the cancellous bone of the reamed femoral head. ...

The age-related deterioration in the quality (e.g., strength and fracture resistance) and quantity (e.g., bone-mineral density) of human bone, together with increased life expectancy, is responsible for increasing incidence of bone fracture in the elderly. The present study describes ex vivo fracture experiments to quantitatively assess the effect of aging on the fracture toughness properties o...

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement is used as a grout to secure joint replacement prostheses into bone. It has a distinct microstructure made up of: prepolymerized beads, an interbead matrix polymer, a radiopacifier {barium sulphate (BaS04) or zirconium dioxide (Zr02)}, and pores or voids; the radiopacifier is fmmd only in the interbead matrix of the cured bone cement. The mechanism o...

Antibiotic cement-coated intramedullary nails maintain a locally high antibiotic concentration while contributing to bone stability. We present a case of femoral subtrochanteric fracture in a patient with an infected nonunion who was successfully treated for an infection and nonunion using an antibiotic cement-coated tibial intramedullary nail. A 79-year-old woman with a right femoral subtrocha...

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) originally designed for use as dental materials have a number of advantages over acrylic bone cements. These include nonexothermic setting reaction with no thermal damage to surrounding tissues, minimal shrinkage during gelation, the possibility of incorporation drugs and growth factors within the cement and the ability to release fluoride. It is already known that ...

An extremely strong mechanical bond between cement and bone was observed in three patients with cemented hip protheses who underwent revision operations. The nature of the bone--cement attachment was studied by electron microscopy. The tissue at the interface was found to be made up of viable bone alternating with areas of soft tissue containing macrophages. The important qualitative difference...

This study aimed to investigate the processing parameters and biocompatibility of a novel biphasic dicalcium silicate (C₂S) cement. Biphasic α´L + β-C₂Sss was synthesized by solid-state processing, and was used as a raw material to prepare the cement. In vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility studies were assessed by soaking the cement samples in simulated body fluid (SBF) and human adipose ste...