BACKGROUND In Haiti and other countries, large-scale investments in school feeding programs have been made with marginal evidence of nutrition outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the effectiveness of a fortified ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF), Mamba, on reduced anemia and improved body composition in school-aged children compared to an unfortified cereal bar, Tablet Yo, and contro...

BACKGROUND The high prevalence of obesity (defined by body mass index) among children and adolescents in the United States and elsewhere has prompted increased attention to body fat in childhood and adolescence. OBJECTIVE This report provides smoothed estimates of major percentiles of percentage body fat for boys and girls aged 8-19 years in the United States. METHODS Percentage body fat wa...

BACKGROUND Healthy young women who engage in an exercise program may lose fat that is not reflected in body weight changes because of concurrent gains in fat-free mass (FFM). OBJECTIVE This study addressed the question of how well anthropometry-based predictive equations can resolve these changes. DESIGN Several widely used skinfold-thickness- or circumference-based equations were compared ...

CONTEXT Hydroxycitric acid, the active ingredient in the herbal compound Garcinia cambogia, competitively inhibits the extramitochondrial enzyme adenosine triphosphate-citrate (pro-3S)-lyase. As a citrate cleavage enzyme that may play an essential role in de novo lipogenesis inhibition, G cambogia is claimed to lower body weight and reduce fat mass in humans. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficac...

OBJECTIVE To explore gender and racial profiling of percentage body fat of 1136 urban South African children attending public schools in Pretoria Central. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey of 1136 randomly selected children (548 boys and 588 girls) aged 9-13 years in urban (Pretoria Central) South Africa. Body mass, stature, skinfolds (subscapular and triceps) were measured. Data were ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether bioelectrical impedance analysis could be used to identify overweight individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk, defined as the presence of metabolic syndrome and/or diabetes. DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional study of a Scottish population including 1210 women and 788 men. The diagnostic performance of thresholds of percentage body fat measured by bioele...

BACKGROUND Estimates of excess mortality associated with body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) have been calculated for the US population. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to compare the excess mortality associated with BMI levels to the excess mortality associated with other anthropometric variables. DESIGN For the 1988-1994 Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, est...

BACKGROUND AND AIM As first shown 40 years ago farmers from Crete had one of the healthiest lifestyles compared to other participants of the Seven Countries Study. Taking the above into account we investigated the prevalence of obesity and its indexes among farmers in Crete in 2005. METHODS AND RESULTS 502 farmers (18-79 years old) from the Valley of Messara in Crete were randomly selected an...

  Background: It seems that weight gain and body composition changes occur during the first year of college . The aim of this study was the comparison of body composition among freshmen medical sciences students one term after entering Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences , South East of Iran.   Materials and Methods: All freshmen medicine (n = 73) and nursing- midwifery studen...