Alice has n secrets which she regards as equally valuable. She is willing to sell any of them to Bob, but wants to ensure that if he pays for only one secret he cannot obtain any information about the others. Bob would like to buy one of the secrets from Alice, but wants to ensure that Alice can obtain no information about which of her secrets he has obtained. The aim of an all-or-nothing discl...

We present a deterministic secure direct communication scheme via entanglement swapping, where a set of ordered maximally entangled three-particle states (GHZ states), initially shared by three spatially separated parties, Alice, Bob and Charlie, functions as a quantum information channel. After ensuring the safety of the quantum channel, Alice and Bob apply a series local operations on their r...

Two parties, Alice and Bob, wish to compute some function f : X × Y → Z, where X, Y, Z are finite sets. Alice receives x ∈ X, Bob y ∈ Y . Informally, in a deterministic communication protocol Alice and Bob send messages back and forth to each other, stopping when both parties know the answer f(x, y). The main measure of interest is how many bits of information they have to exchange to do this i...

We investigate the teleportation of a qubit from a comoving sender Alice to an inertial receiver Bob in an asymptotically flat Robertson-Walker expanding spacetime. We use scalar or fermionic field modes inside Alice’s and Bob’s ideal cavities and show the degradation of the teleportation quality, as measured by the fidelity, through a mechanism governed by spacetime expansion. This reduction i...

When you compare a horse owner to someone raising other classes of livestock, there are some definite similarities, but also some striking differences. It is in the differences and similarities that you find the opportunities and challenges related to the use of pastures by the horse owner. While both can and do use pasture as part of their feeding programs, the horse owner is often more willin...

The standard HPSG analysis of Germanic verb clusters can not explain the observed narrowscope readings of adjuncts in such verb clusters. We present an extension of the HPSG analysis that accounts for the systematic ambiguity of the scope of adjuncts in verb cluster constructions, by treating adjuncts as members of the sul)eat list. The extension uses powerNl reeursive lexical rules, implemente...

The paper investigates the pragmatic effects of word order variation in German, specifically concerning the ordering of adverb and nominal arguments. The behaviour of verbs of creation in combination with adverbs and indefinite object NPs proves that the allegedly neutral word order NP Adverb Verb is not really presupposition free. I claim that indefinite object NPs to the left of manner adverb...

On considère un jeu entre deux personnes Alice et Bob qui veulent communiquer via un canal. Ce canal de communication n’est pas parfait ce qui signifie que les messages que reçoit Bob contiennent du bruit. On étudie donc quels sont les moyens pour que Bob puisse retrouver le message initial d’Alice. Formellement, le but de Alice est de transmettre à Bob un message i choisit uniformément dans un...

We presen a secure direct communication protocol by using step-split Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair. In this communication protocol, Alice first sends one qubit of an EPR pair to Bob. Bob sends a receipt signal to Alice through public channel when he receives Alice’s first qubit. Alice performs her encoding operations on the second qubit and sends this qubit to Bob. Bob performs a Bell-basi...

We consider the following cake cutting game: Alice chooses a set P of n points in the square (cake) [0, 1], where (0, 0) ∈ P ; Bob cuts out n axis-parallel rectangles with disjoint interiors, each of them having a point of P as the lower left corner; Alice keeps the rest. It has been conjectured that Bob can always secure at least half of the cake. This remains unsettled, and it is not even kno...