The notions of an ideal and a fuzzy ideal in BN-algebras are introduced. The properties and characterizations of them are investigated. The concepts of normal ideals and normal congruences of a BN-algebra are also studied, the properties of them are displayed, and a one-to-one correspondence between them is presented. Conditions for a fuzzy set to be a fuzzy ideal are given. The relationships b...

Chung, Diaconis, and Graham considered random processes of the form Xn+1 = anXn + bn (mod p) where p is odd, X0 = 0, an = 2 always, and bn are i.i.d. for n = 0, 1, 2, . . .. In this paper, we show that if P (bn = −1) = P (bn = 0) = P (bn = 1) = 1/3, then there exists a constant c > 1 such that c log2 p steps are not enough to make Xn get close to uniformly distributed on the integers mod p.

We demonstrate that boron nitride (BN) nanotubes can be filled "peapod" fashion with C60 molecules. Filling small-diameter BN nanotubes results in a linear chain of C60 molecules in the interior, while filling large diameter BN nanotubes leads to nanorods of crystalline C60 in the interior. Electron beam damage can be used to fuse the encapsulated C60 molecules into carbon nanotubes, leading to...

In this note we solve the twisted conjugacy problem for braid groups, i.e. we propose an algorithm which, given two braids u, v ∈ Bn and an automorphism φ ∈ Aut(Bn), decides whether v = (φ(x))−1ux for some x ∈ Bn. As a corollary, we deduce that each group of the form Bn o H, a semidirect product of the braid group Bn by a torsion-free hyperbolic group H, has solvable conjugacy problem.

Fluorination of BN nanotubes has been performed using a catalytic growth method, which leads to the appearance of markedly curved fluorine-doped BN sheets and converts originally insulating BN nanotubes to semiconductors, as confirmed by the comparative electron transport four-probe measurements on doped and undoped individual BN nanotubes.

Self-report studies suggest that patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) evidence difficulties with interoceptive awareness. Indeed, interoceptive deficits may persist after recovery of BN and may be a biological trait that predisposes symptom development in BN. However, no studies to date have directly assessed interoceptive sensitivity, or accuracy in detecting and perceiving internal body cues, i...

Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene and monolayer hexagonal BN (h-BN), are attractive for demonstrating fundamental physics in materials and potential applications in next-generation electronics. Atomic sheets containing hybridized bonds involving elements B, N and C over wide compositional ranges could result in new materials with properties complementary to those of graphene and h-BN,...

MVA-BN-PRO (BN ImmunoTherapeutics) is a candidate immunotherapy product for the treatment of prostate cancer. It encodes 2 tumor-associated antigens, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and is derived from the highly attenuated modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus stock known as MVA-BN. Past work has shown that the immunogenicity of antigens can be improved by...