Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major causes of end stage renal disease. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) are preferred for delaying progression of DN. This study compared the preventive renal effects of telmisartan (10 mg/kg, p.o.), an ARB that completely blocks angiotensin action, and benazepril (5 mg/kg, p.o.), an ACE inhibitor, whi...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that often goes unrecognized until late-stagedisease. Patients with chronic kidney disease face with uremic toxins and hyperkalemia. Also fluid overloadin CKD patients is associated with rapid decline in kidney function. Lactulose is a hyper osmotic agent andas a prebiotic plays an important role in regulating serum urea and potassiu...

A method of assay for the adrenal cortical hormone utilizing the blood urea level of the adrenalectomized dog was suggested by Harrop, Pfiffner, Weinstein, and Swingle (1,2) as a result of earlier cooperative work on the effect of the hormone in the normal and adrenalectomized animal. In those studies it was found that the cortical hormone had no demonstrable effect in the normal dog. A rise in...

Rat inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD3s) possess a luminal Na+-dependent, active urea secretory transport process, which is upregulated by water diuresis. In this study of perfused IMCDs microdissected from base (IMCD1), middle (IMCD2), or tip (IMCD3) of the inner medulla, we tested whether furosemide diuresis alters active urea transport. Rats received furosemide (10 mg/d s.c. for 3-4 d) ...

Fifty-eight crossbred yearling heifers (BW = 383 ± 25 kg) were utilized in a completely randomized 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments designed to evaluate the effects of finishing diets containing dried distiller's grains supplemented with degradable intake protein on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Dietary treatments contained 10 or 20% dried distiller's grains (DDG) re...

Grøfte, Thorbjørn, Dorthe Svenstrup Jensen, Henning Grønbæk, Troels Wolthers, Søren Astrup Jensen, Niels Tygstrup, and Hendrik Vilstrup. Effects of growth hormone on steroid-induced increase in ability of urea synthesis and urea enzyme mRNA levels. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Endocrinol. Metab. 38): E79–E86, 1998.—Growth hormone (GH) reduces the catabolic side effects of steroid treatment due to its e...

A method for measuring urea production by isolated erythrocytes and leucocytes under physiologic conditions is described. Erythrocytes from 10 normal subjects formed an average of 82.5 mmoles urea/mi. packed cells/hr. Leucocytes formed 7.4 mmoles urea/108 cells/hr. By extrapolation, total urea synthesis by circulating erythrocytes would be approximately 270 mg./day and by the granulocyte pool a...

Thirty-seven young healthy subjects with normal renal function were studied to assess the quantitative effect of protein intake on creatinine clearance. A standard 24-h urine collection and blood sample at the end of the collection were obtained for creatinine and urea concentrations. Correlations between creatinine clearance and urinary urea nitrogen excretion (r = 0.8; P less than 0.0001) and...

The density of biochemical factors of blood in wet cupping is statistically different from phlebotomy In summary we have cupped 40 volunteers and at the same time we sampled their venous blood. Then wet cupping and venous samples were sent to the lab for comparing blood triglyceride, cholesterol, sugar, urea, uric acid and creatinine factors. The results show that there are significant differen...